Appraisal Theories Flashcards
Lazarus appraisal theory, 1966/1982…
3 steps required?
Implications?
Primary appraisal- envio. assessed
Secondary appraisal- consideration of resources
Reappraisal- 1/2 monitored and adjusted
Implies conscious processing- not the case!!
There are 2 kinds: automatic and conscious/deliberate.
6 components…
Motivation relevance (commitments) Motivation congruence (goal consis.) Accountability (credit/blame)
PF coping potential (resolved?)
EF coping potential (handled psy?)
Future expectancy (likelihood changes)
Examples of components?
Anger, guilt, anxiety and sadness=
mot. relevance, congruence
Different secondary:
G= accountability
A= low EFCP
S= low future expectancy
Smith+Kirby, 2001 found what?
Processes and complements occur in parallel = 3 basic mechanisms
Associated processing
Reasoning
Appraisal detectors
Supporting evidence…
5
Speisman, 1964: cognitive appraisal manipulations- anxiety videos.
Smith+Lazuras, 1993: specific appraisal=specific emotional exp. 2grps= accountability differences.
!!Roseman+Evdokas, 2004: showed the casual impact of appraisals- manipulated food expectations.
Bennet, 2003: applications in natural settings- good predictions of cog. appraisals
Kuppens, 2007: triggers SE, blaming and frustration.
Strengths…
4
Substantial research
Flexible- accounts for changes
The intensity of emotional exp.
Smith+Kirby= clarification in distinguishing processes and reasoning
Weaknesses…
7
Parkinson, 2013:
- Other factors play a crucial role in the emotional exp. (tired, attention, physic)
- Physiological reactions to situations are automatic
- Appraisals de-emphasise the role of social context.
Causal role of appraisals- brushed over
Lack of detail- Lazuras
Little evidence to distinguish operations- Smith+Kirby
Hypothetical, correlational, lack of Eco validity!
What are appraisals? Roseman+Smith, 2001
They start the emotion process, initiating the physiological, expressive, behavioural and other changes.
Resulting in an emotional state!
