Apportionment Flashcards

1
Q

The act of dividing up a mixed number of things among groups of different sizes according to some plan, especially to make proportionate distribution in a fair manner.

A

Apportionment

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2
Q

the parties having a stake in the apportionment

A

states

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3
Q

indivisible objects that are divided among n
states

A

seats

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4
Q

set of n positive numbers that are used as the basis for the apportionment of the seats to the states

A

population

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5
Q

ratio of the total population to the total
number of seats to be allocated

A

Standard Divisor (d)

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6
Q

total population/total number of seats

A

Standard Divisor (d)

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7
Q

ratio of a state’s population to the standard divisor

A

Standard Quota (q)

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8
Q

state’s population/d

A

Standard Quota (q)

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9
Q

Proposed by Alexander Hamilton (1755-1804)

A

Hamilton’s Method

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10
Q

First apportionment method to be approved in the United States of America Congress in 1791, but was
vetoed by President George Washington in 1792.

A

Hamilton’s Method

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11
Q

True or False.
Hamilton’s method was adopted by the US Congress from 1852 until 1911.

A

True

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12
Q

True or False.
Hamilton’s method tend to favor smaller states.

A

False

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13
Q

Proposed by Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)

A

Jefferson’s Method

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14
Q

First used in US Congress in 1791 until 1842 after Hamilton’s method was vetoed by Pres. Washington.

A

Jefferson’s Method

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15
Q

First 3 steps are the same as Hamilton’s method

A

Jefferson’s Method

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16
Q

True or False.
Jefferson’s Method tends to favor larger states

17
Q

Proposed by John Quincy Adams (1767-1848)

A

Adam’s Method

18
Q

proposed using a modified divisor greater than the standard
divisor, and he rounded up the modified quota to get the upper quota. To “round up” means to add 1 to the whole number part if the decimal part is not equal to zero.

A

Adam’s Method

19
Q

True or False.
Adam’s Method tends to favor smaller states

20
Q

Proposed by Daniel Webster (1782-1852)

A

Webster’s Method

21
Q

US Congress adopted this method in 1842 but in 1852, Hamilton’s method replaced it.

A

Webster’s Method

22
Q

proposed rounding off the standard quota to get the “rounded quota”.

A

Webster’s Method

23
Q

First 3 steps are the same as the other methods.

A

Webster’s Method

24
Q

Proposed by Edward Huntington and Joseph Hill

A

Hill-Huntington’s Method

25
This method is currently the method of apportionment used by the US Congress.
Hill-Huntington’s Method
26
Similar to Webster’s method, but attempts to minimize the percent differences of how many people each representative will represent.
Hill-Huntington’s Method
27
It slightly favors small states.
Hill-Huntington’s Method
28
Proposed by William Lowndes (1782-1822)
Lowndes’ Method
29
When deciding where the remaining representatives should go, we divide the decimal part of each state’s quota by the whole number part
Lowndes' Method
30
More favorable to smaller states.
Lowndes' Method
31