applied science bio Flashcards
bio
magnification
magnification conversions
millimeter (mm) = 1000 micrometers (μm)
1 centimeter (cm) = 10 millimeters (mm)
animal cell
what is the plasma membrane?
protects the cell from it surroundings
what is the cytoplasm?
where chemical reaction happen
what is the nucleus?
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell
what is the nucleolus?
produce ribosomes
what is a ribosomes?
where proteins are made
what is RER?
where proteins are made
what is SER?
where lipids are made
what is vesicles?
small membrane that transport and stores substance in the cell
what is Golgi apparatus?
takes protein modifies them and transport to vesicles
what is Lysosomes?
Lysosomes help break down, or digest, certain materials inside the cell.
what is centrioles?
helps during cell division
what is mitochondria ?
this where respiration happens
two types of cells ?
prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
what cell are eukaryotic cells?
plant and animal cells
what cells are prokaryotic cells?
bacteria cells
what is the structure prokaryotic cells?
what is the nucleoid?
contains the DNA
what is the caspule?
the outermost layer of an organ for protection
what is the cell wall?
support and protect and keeps the cells shape
what is the plasmids?
double stranded DNA and copy DNA
what is gram positive?
thicker cell wall to absorb stain
what is gram negative?
thin cell wall that does not absorb stain
what is the plant cell structure?
what is chloroplasts?
where photosynthesis happens
what is the vacuole?
stores water and other substance in the cell
what is the tonoplasts membrane?
controls movement of molecules in and out the vacuole
what is the amyloplasts?
to store starch
what is the pits?
to allow communication between one cell and other plant hormone
what is the main function palisade mesophyll?
1.contain lots of chloroplasts
2.large vacuole
3.thin cell walls to allow diffusion
what is main function root hair cell?
1.increase it surface area
2. photosynthesis does not take place
3. collect water and minerals for the cell
what is the main function of the sperm cell?
- The heads contains genetic material 23 chromsomes
- a tail to helps swim to egg cell
3.mid region has mitochodria which sperm cell energy
what is the main function of the egg cell?
1.23 chromsomes in the nucleus join with sperm cell
2.zona pellucida stops more then one sperm getting in
what is the main function of white blood cells?
destroy pathogens and produce antibodies and antitoxines
what is the main function of red blood cells?
1.carry out oxygen around the body
2. their shaped like a bioncave which gives large surface area
3. small and flexiable squeeze through the capillares
what is neutrophils?
help protect your body from infection by killing bacteria
what is lymphocytes?
natural killer cells and produce antibodies to protect the cell
what is the epithelial tissue?
form the coverings and linings of surfaces
what are the two types tissue in the lungs?
columnar epithelium and squamous epithelium
what is the function of columnar epithelial cells?
found in the trachea and bronchi
they have lots of mitochondria
cillia move mucus away from the lungs
goblet cells produce mucus
what is the function of Squamous epithelium?
flat and thin with egg shaped nuclei
one cell thick
good for diffusion
what happens when person get
(COPD)
CILLIA slows down and stop beating
mucus builds in the airways
less gas exchange
what is the main function of the arteries?
take blood away from the heart
what is main function of veins?
takes blood to the heart
what is function of capillaries?
ting blood vessels
what is cause atherosclerosis?
fatty deposits can block artery or lead to blood clots blocking it
smoking or high blood pressure
