Applied Linguistics For ELL Flashcards
Phonology
The study of speech sounds and how they change in certain situations or placements in syllables, words, and sentences
Phonetics
The study of speech sounds as they stand in isolation
Phonological rules
The way phonologists predict how a speech sound will change depending on its position in various speech environments
Example: a final ‘s’ sound in a word depends on what speech sound immediately precedes it.
Phonics
A method for teaching English reading and writing. Focuses on promoting students’ ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes.
Important for ELL students
Phonemes
Smallest sound segments in the English language.
Linguistics
The study of language and its structure
Morphology
The arrangement and relationships of the smallest meaningful units in a language
Morpheme
Smallest unit of a word with meaning
Bound morpheme
A morpheme that must be attached to another morpheme in order to form a word.
Free morpheme
A morpheme that can stand as an independent word
Suffix
A morpheme or word part added to the end of a word. A bound morpheme. (Ly, s, ed)
Prefix
A morpheme or word part added to the beginning of a word. A bound morpheme. (Re, un, pre)
Lexile morpheme
Content words that refer to the real world. Nouns, adjectives, and verbs are all this. Examples; run, table, kind, jump
Function morpheme
Indicates relationships within a language. Includes conjunctions, pronouns, demonstratives, articles, and prepositions.
Examples: and, those, an, through
Semantics
Meaning or interpretation of words, signs, and sentence structure.
Largely determines our reading comprehension, how we understand others, and even what decisions we make as a result of our interpretations.
Also the branch of study within linguistics that deals with language and how we understand meaning.
