Applied Genetic Engineering Flashcards
Act Utilitarinism = GE
P1:consequentialist, no sanctity of life
P2: hedonic calculus
P3: YES most forms of GE - potential benefits to society - ? Cost implications of stem cell research - low success rate, money for better cause
P4: YES animal and plant - increases greater good, ? Designer babies, genetic enhancement,eugenics
Rule Utilitarianism = GE
P1: consequentialist, no sanctity of life
P2: YES most forms but would have to conform to universalisation
P3: questions genetic enhancement and any form that discriminates against a minority e.g. Saviour siblings
P4: YES to Gm food and animals - no unique place in society
Preference Utilitarianism = GE
P1: consequentialist, no sanctity of life
P2: YES stem cell research & other forms
P3: ? Preferences of all, cost implications
P4: Animal GE - harmful - sentient beings who can suffer
Christian Ethics = GE
P1: Catholic -YES if respects embryo and removes suffering X at cost of individual - X embryonic screening, stem cell, enhancement, germ line, embryonic stem cell research
P2: YES GM FOODS= promote common good - ? Respect individuals
P3: C of E X genetic enhancement, eugenics, designer babies -infringes on rights - ? Genetic screening for healthy foetuses, and perhaps embryonic stem cell research - early stage embryos not alive
P4: situation ethics - YES to most forms if most loving thing to do, X genetic enhancement and eugenics , designer babies as still values human life - YES animals +plants - potential benefit to society
Kantian Ethics = GE
P1: deontological - duty to protect other humans as they are reasoning individuals
P2: 1st fci - universalisation - YES somatic, germ line, stem cell and embryo research - X eugenics and genetic enhancement
P3: 2nd fci - treat others as ends in themselves - GE must respect individual - personhood - emphasis on reason - YES embryo research - has to be agreed by own individuals X genetic enhancement, eugenics, saviour siblings
P4: 3rd fci - Kingdom of ends - don’t contradict rules and laws need to support other fcis - YES animals and plants (no reason) - use whatever means at disposal to treat those who are suffering
Natural Law = GE
P1: humans = reasoning individuals = sanctity of life
P2: preservation of innocent life - somatic therapy
P3: X genetic enhancement and eugenics - alters the embryo - Worship God - X stem cell, genetic screening, germ line - human stem cells from placenta/umbilical cord YES
P4: gm crops - peaceful society & supplements with vitamins - perseveration of innocent life - X if potentially harmful to humans
P5: no intrinsic value on animals - YES animals to test supplements regarding the human condition
Act Utilitarinism = GE
P1:consequentialist, no sanctity of life
P2: hedonic calculus
P3: YES most forms of GE - potential benefits to society - ? Cost implications of stem cell research - low success rate, money for better cause
P4: YES animal and plant - increases greater good, ? Designer babies, genetic enhancement,eugenics
Rule Utilitarianism = GE
P1: consequentialist, no sanctity of life
P2: YES most forms but would have to conform to universalisation
P3: questions genetic enhancement and any form that discriminates against a minority e.g. Saviour siblings
P4: YES to Gm food and animals - no unique place in society
Preference Utilitarianism = GE
P1: consequentialist, no sanctity of life
P2: YES stem cell research & other forms
P3: ? Preferences of all, cost implications
P4: Animal GE - harmful - sentient beings who can suffer
Christian Ethics = GE
P1: Catholic -YES if respects embryo and removes suffering X at cost of individual - X embryonic screening, stem cell, enhancement, germ line, embryonic stem cell research
P2: YES GM FOODS= promote common good - ? Respect individuals
P3: C of E X genetic enhancement, eugenics, designer babies -infringes on rights - ? Genetic screening for healthy foetuses, and perhaps embryonic stem cell research - early stage embryos not alive
P4: situation ethics - YES to most forms if most loving thing to do, X genetic enhancement and eugenics , designer babies as still values human life - YES animals +plants - potential benefit to society
Kantian Ethics = GE
P1: deontological - duty to protect other humans as they are reasoning individuals
P2: 1st fci - universalisation - YES somatic, germ line, stem cell and embryo research - X eugenics and genetic enhancement
P3: 2nd fci - treat others as ends in themselves - GE must respect individual - personhood - emphasis on reason - YES embryo research - has to be agreed by own individuals X genetic enhancement, eugenics, saviour siblings
P4: 3rd fci - Kingdom of ends - don’t contradict rules and laws need to support other fcis - YES animals and plants (no reason) - use whatever means at disposal to treat those who are suffering
Natural Law = GE
P1: humans = reasoning individuals = sanctity of life
P2: preservation of innocent life - somatic therapy
P3: X genetic enhancement and eugenics - alters the embryo - Worship God - X stem cell, genetic screening, germ line - human stem cells from placenta/umbilical cord YES
P4: gm crops - peaceful society & supplements with vitamins - perseveration of innocent life - X if potentially harmful to humans
P5: no intrinsic value on animals - YES animals to test supplements regarding the human condition
