Applied Cases

Question 1

What signs do you expect to see from damage to upper motor neurons? (4)

Answer 1

Hyper-reflexivity
Upward toes
Tonicity/clonus
Increased tone

Question 2

What signs do you expect to see from damage to lower motor neurons? (3)

Answer 2

Decreased tone
Hypo/areflexia
Profound weakness

Question 3

A pure motor problem could localize to what 3 areas?

Answer 3

NMJ
Anterior horn
Muscles

Question 4

A pure sensory problem could localize to what 3 areas?

Answer 4

Dorsal sensory root
Dorsal root ganglion
Sensory fiber

Question 5

If the plexus is affected, what is the main thing you will see?

Answer 5

Unilateral effects

Question 6

What will you see if the nerve root is affected?

Answer 6

A single dermatome or myotome effected

Question 7

Symptoms of Guillan Barre syndrome

Answer 7

Its a demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
Going to affect the myelinated fibers (vibration and proprioception)
Widespread areflexia
Reduction in conduction velocity

Question 8

Where does a disc usually herniate?

Answer 8

Posterolateral side

Question 9

Allodynia

Answer 9

Pain to normally non-painful stimuli

Question 10

How are reflexes going to change for
1. Axonal
2. Demyelinating
problems?

Answer 10

1. Absent ankle jerks

2. All reflexes reduced or absent