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AAPMR questions review > Applied & basic sciences > Flashcards

Applied & basic sciences Flashcards

1
Q

A good physiologic approximation of myocardial oxygen consumption is:

A

rate pressure product

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2
Q

A 16-year-old gymnast presents with shin pain, disordered eating, and amenorrhea. The diagnosis of stress fracture is confirmed via bone scan. Your pharmacologic treatment recommendation would consist of:

A

supplemental calcium

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3
Q

45-year-old obese female complains of insiduous onset of pain in the medial ankle and hindfoot, between medial malleolus and navicular tuberosity. Which of the following pathologies is likely the cause of her pain?

A

posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction

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4
Q

Infants and children with birth brachial plexus palsy are most at risk for subluxation of the shoulder in which direction?

A

posterior

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5
Q

Orthostasis in the elderly can be exacerbated by decreased:

A

baroreceptor response

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6
Q

The most common etiology for ischemic stroke in children is:

A

arteriopathy

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7
Q

Which physiologic change related to aging is included among factors that necessitate decreased loading doses for water soluble medications?

A

increased fat mass

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8
Q

A patient with a brachial plexus tumor develops Horner’s syndrome. This suggests involvement of which nerve root level?

A

T1

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9
Q

During the second rocker of stance phase, or ankle rocker phase:

A

The tibia advances over the ankle-foot complex

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10
Q

Stroke in which of the following regions would account for hand/foot weakness with intact sensation and cognition?

A

internal capsule

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11
Q

Which medication class can be associated with precipitation of gout flare?

A

loop diuretics

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12
Q

What is the most likely location of a stroke causing nystagmus, right eye ptosis and miosis, loss of right facial pain-and-temperature sensation, and left-sided loss of bodily pain-and-temperature sensation?

A

lateral medulla

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13
Q

Which type of nerve fibers is responsible for vibration perception?

A

Large, myelinated sensory fibers

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14
Q

The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated by which nerve?

A

common perineal

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15
Q

What is the strongest predictor of a seizure-related motor vehicle crash?

A

Duration of seizure free interval

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16
Q

The most common site of maximum tenderness with a navicular stress fracture is:

A

Dorsally between the tibialis anterior and the extensor hallucis longus tendons

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17
Q

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy most commonly involves which trunk(s) of the brachial plexus?

A

upper

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18
Q

Which of the following provide sensory innervation to the posterior sacroiliac joint?

A

L5 dorsal ramus

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19
Q

Which carpal bone fracture is most associated with causing an ulnar neuropathy at the wrist?

A

hamate fracture

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20
Q

A 16-year-old male presents to your clinic with a low energy Lisfranc Injury. The most likely findings on imaging are:

A

Diastasis of the medial cuneiform and 2nd metatarsal bones

21
Q

A 38-year-old female runner crosses the finish line of a 26.2-mile marathon with a finishing time of 3 hours and 40 minutes and then collapses. The most likely cause of the collapse is:

A

postural hypotension

22
Q

Which of the following is a mechanism of action of local anesthetics such as lidocaine?

A

Blockage of voltage-gated sodium channels on the axon

23
Q

In talipes equinovarus (clubfoot), which bone is the main source of abnormality?

A

Talus

24
Q

Where is the ground reaction force vector located during mid-stance?

A

Anterior to ankle and anterior to knee

25
Q

The most common risk factor for congenital limb deficiency is

A

vascular condition

26
Q

The most frequently dislocated joint in the hand is the:

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint

27
Q

A musician presents with insidious onset of dorsal wrist pain that is worse with use of the hand and wrist. You diagnose her with intersection syndrome, which occurs when the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis cross over which muscles:

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

28
Q

What is the most commonly affected joint in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?

A

knee

29
Q

How much pronation can occur in the residual limb of a wrist disarticulation?

A

120 degrees

30
Q

A 16-year-old gymnast with persistent back pain is diagnosed with spondylolysis. This patient is expected to have a defect in which part of the spinal anatomy?

A

lamina

31
Q

Which muscle fiber type uses only glycolytic metabolism for energy?

A

Type 2B

32
Q

Which physiologic difference is more likely to be seen in an athlete with a complete spinal cord injury at T3 versus T12?

A

Lower maximum heart rate

33
Q

In the frontal plane, movements and stabilization are controlled primarily by:

A

quadrates lumborum

34
Q

Which of the following is a component of the posterolateral corner of the knee?

A

Popliteus tendon

35
Q

Injury to which of the following structures involved in the lateral medullary syndrome causes voice hoarseness and dysphagia?

A

Nucleus ambiguus

36
Q

Which of the following distinguishes the ASYMMETRIC tonic neck reflex (ATNR) from the SYMMETRIC tonic neck reflex (STNR)?

A

Present at birth and disappearance by 6 months

37
Q

Botulinum toxin injections should not be performed when a patient is taking which of the following, due to potentiation of the botulinum toxin?

A

Gentamicin (amino glycoside antibiotics)

38
Q

Which of the following is a cardiopulmonary complication associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

A

Ventricular hypertrophy

39
Q

A physiatrist is using ultrasound to examine a patient’s shoulder. What is the anterior boundary of the rotator interval?

A

Superior aspect of subscapularis tendon

40
Q

In a two-week-old baby, abnormality of which primitive reflex aids in diagnosis of Erb’s palsy?

A

Moro reflex

41
Q

The strongest restraint to valgus stress in the elbow is the:

A

Anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament

42
Q

According to the motor unit size principle, which statement is TRUE about muscle activation?

A

Recruitment of smaller units is followed by recruitment of larger units.

43
Q

Which attribute distinguishes end plate activity from fibrillation potentials?

A

End plate spikes have initial negative phases

44
Q

In which plane are the thoracic zygapophyseal joints aligned?

A

coronal

45
Q

In a newborn with brachial plexopathy, injury to which nerve root results in Horner syndrome?

A

C8

46
Q

Which blood vessel is most likely to compress the trigeminal nerve?

A

Superior cerebellar artery

47
Q

Which portion of the scaphoid bone has the majority of the blood supply and therefore the best chance of fracture healing?

A

Distal one-third of the scaphoid bone

48
Q
A

AAPMR questions review (9 decks)

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