Applied Anatomy Respiratory Tract Flashcards
What parts are included in the upper respiratory tract ?
Nasal cavity
Phayrnx
Layrnx
What parts are included in the lower respiratory tract ?
Trachea
Primary bronchi
Lungs
What structures are included in the conduction system ?
Trachea
Primary bronchi
Smaller bronchi
What structures are included in the respiratory system?
not the conduction system
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveoli
What are the functions of the nose ?
What nerve supplies the nose ?
Adjust temperature and humidity of inspired air (through a rich blood supply)
Trap and remove particulates (hairs & mucous cells)
Olfaction (Cranial nerve I)
Is the nose highly vascular?
Yes
Explain the vasculature of the nose
Epistaxis may be categorised asanterior or posteriordepending on the origin of bleeding within the nasal cavity. Identifying the site of the bleed is crucial for management, and this skill depends on an understanding of thevascular supplyof the nose.
Dual arterial supplyfrom both the internal and external carotid arteries.
Most bleeds
originateanteriorlyin the nasal cavity in Little’s area within Kiesselbach’s plexus. This area is particularly vulnerable to dryness and trauma.
What is the Kiesselbach’s plexus?
The Kiesselbach plexus is a vascular network formed by five arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the nasal septum, which refers to the wall separating the right and left sides of the nose. These arteries anastomose, which means they connect with each other to form the plexus or vascular network.
What is this ?
Nasal Septal Hematoma
A nasal septal hematoma is a rare but serious complication of nasal or facial trauma.
What are the clinical consequences of this ?
Clinical consequences
Breathing
Bleeding
Base of skull
“Baby blues” (eyes)
Beauty
What are the three parts of the pharynx ?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
What connects the pharynx to the trachea ?
layrnx
What is this ?
Larynx
Where does the trachea divide ?
The carina
