Applied anatomy and physiology, Movement analysis and Physical training

Question 1

What are long bones and what are their function? Give an example.

Answer 1

They are longer than they are wide. As well as providing gross movement as muscles act upon them. Examples are femur, humerus

Question 2

What are short bones and what are their function? Give an example.

Answer 2

They are equal in length and width and provide fine movement. Examples ar carpals, tarsal

Question 3

What are irregular bones and what are their function? Give an example.

Answer 3

Provide shape, protection. Examples are vertebrae, face

Question 4

What are flat bones and what are their function? Give an example.

Answer 4

Protection of vital organs, attachment of muscles to help movement. Examples are ribs, cranium

Question 5

What are articulating bones?

Answer 5

Bones that meant at a point and enable movement. For example the shoulder - made up from scapula, clavicle and humerous

Question 6

What functions does the skeletal system

SPMSBS

Answer 6

Remember - Sometimes Practising Moving Swiftly Brings Success = Support, Protection of vital organs, Movement, Shape and structure, Blood cell production, Storage of minerals.

Question 7

What is a joint

Answer 7

A joint is where two or more bones meet and is called articulating.

Question 8

What is a synovial joints. Give an example

Answer 8

Knee is an example.
Cartilage reduces friction. Acts as a shock absorber.
Synovial fluid lubricates the joint.
Synovial membrane produces synovial fluid.
Tendon joins muscle to bone enabling movement.
Ligament joins bone to bone, stabilising the joint.
See book for more detail on joint.

Question 9

What is a hinge joint? Give an example

Answer 9

Can only move in 2 directions towards and away. An example is kicking a football through the knee joint

Question 10

What is a ball and socket joint? Give an example

Answer 10

A joint that can move away from the body and back towards the body and also that it can rotate. An example is a serve in tennis.

Question 11

What is flexion?

Answer 11

Bending the limbs at a joint.

Question 12

What is extension?

Answer 12

Straightening limbs at a joint

Question 13

What is adduction?

Answer 13

Movement towards the mid-line of the body

Question 14

What is abduction?

Answer 14

Movement away from the mid-line of the body

Question 15

What is rotation?

Answer 15

A circular movement around a fixed point

Question 16

What are involuntary muscles?

Answer 16

Muscles work our internal organs. They are outside our control.

Question 17

What are voluntary muscles?

Answer 17

Muscles make the body move. They are attached to the skeleton and can be controlled.