Applications of Organics Flashcards
Why are alcohols used as fuels?
Because they are highly flammable and burn with very clean flames
What is the solubility of alcohols
The first 3 are very miscible in water but solubility decreases with size. Alcohols are common solvents
What is the alcohols functional group?
The hydroxyl branch - OH
What is the general formula for alcohols
CnH2n +1OH
What is the 1st alcohol
methanol
what is the 2nd alcohol
ethanol
3rd alcohol
propanol
4th alcohol
butanol
pentanol
5th alcohol
hexanol
6th alcohol
what is the 7th alcohol
heptanol
octanol
8th alcohol
What is the formula for calculating energy released?
Eh=cmΔt
What is the carboxyl functional group
COOH
what is the general formula for carboxylic acids
CnH2n + COOH
4th carboxylic acid
butanoic acid
What are plastics made from?
Most plastics and synthetic materials are made from oil
What is a synthetic material
a man - made material
Give 3 advantages of plastics
-Durability
-Cheap
-Can be mass produced
3 disadvantages of plastics
-not biodegradable
- non-renewable
-polluting
3 uses of plastics
PVC - window frames
Polyester - clothing
Polystyrene - packaging
Define biodegradable
able to naturally decompose
Give an example of a polymer
plastics
Define polymer
a very long molecule formed by the joining of mayn shorter molecules called monomers
Define monomer
the smaller, unsaturated molecules that join to form longer saturated polymers.
Define repeating unit
the part of the polymer whose repetition would result in a complete polymer chain
Define addition polymerisation
The name given to the chemical reaction where many monomers are joined to form a polymer
What is an exothermic reaction
A reaction or process that releases heat energy
Endothermic
A reaction or process that takes in heat energy
