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Sysops > Application Deployment > Flashcards

Application Deployment Flashcards

1
Q

What are the purpose of Cost Allocation reports?

A

They aggregate costs based on tags

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2
Q

What AWS Elastic Beanstalk deployment option allows you to deploy a new version of an application in batches of EC2 instances?

A

Rolling

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3
Q

What language is used to create recipes for AWS OpsWorks?

A

Ruby

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4
Q

What disaster recovery option has a one-to-one copy of infrastructure and active-active configuration?

A

The Multi-Site Solution Method is a practice of having a one-to-one active-active copy of infrastructure and configuration.

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5
Q

What component of the AWS OpsWorks anatomy represents a set of resources we want to manage as a group?

A

Stacks

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6
Q

Describe OpsWorks

A

A stack creation tool based on chef.

It uses recipes to create a resources such as Route53, Autoscaling EC2 instances with Apache and PHP

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7
Q

What is the hierachy in Elastic Beanstalk?

A

Application
Environment (Dev, Prod…)
Tier (Ec2, RDS e.g.) - Config - Config Template
Version (under which the application is deployed)

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8
Q

What is a rolling deployment with Elastic Beanstalk?

A

The instances are kept, but the code will be replaced

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9
Q

Systems Manager: What can be done with “Run Command”?

A

Run predefined or custom tasks like install an Application, install a Windows update or execute a shell script

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10
Q

Systems Manager: What can be done with “Automation”?

A

Automate AWS tasks like start and instance or create a database backup

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11
Q

Systems Manager: What can be done with “Maintenance Window”?

A

Schedule a repeating slot for repeating tasks

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12
Q

Which services do or don’t have a maintenance window?

A 
Do: 
RDS
Redshift
DynamoDB DAX
DocumentDB

Don’t:
EC2
Lambda

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13
Q

Are AMIs region bound?

A

Yes, if used in another region, it needs to be copied

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14
Q

Can you directly copy an AMI that has the billingProducts code attached?

A

no, you have to launch an EC2 instance with that AMI and then create another AMI from that instance.

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15
Q

You want to have multiple versions of your application running at the same time, with all versions launched via AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Is this possible?

A

Yes. AWS Elastic Beanstalk is designed to support a number of multiple running environments

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16
Q

Beanst.: What is the Application Version?

A

Reference to the location of the code

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17
Q

Beanst.: What is the Environment?

A

All the resources included to run the application

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18
Q

Beanst.: What is the Platform?

A

All infrastructure (OS, server type, language and Beanstalk components

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19
Q

Beanst.: What is the Application?

A

All that is present on the deployment:

On or more versions, the Environment etc.

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20
Q

Beanst: What are the two Environment Tiers?

A 
Web-Server (for HTTP requests)
Worker Environment (from SQS)
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21
Q

Beanst.: What are the deployment options?

A

All at once (-> Everyting is deployed at the same time)
Rolling (-> 25% of instancves e.g. at first)
Immunitable (-> New Resources are created)

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22
Q

Which section of a CloudFormation template will you use to define the Lambda version?

A

Transform

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23
Q

What is the pricing for CloudFormation, OpsWorks and ElasticBeanstalk?

A

You basiacally pay only for the created resources.

For instances on OpsWorks using Chef or Puppet there’s a charge for the main server and the nodes running

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24
Q

SM: What are the five actions that can be taken by the Systems Manager?

A

Automation: Run tasks (like backups) on a fleet of instances:
Run Command: run single actions, like a script or installing a software
Patch Manager: Appling OS patches
Maintenance Windows: Schedule recurring tasks
State Manager: Validates that a certain state of an instance is still set

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25
Q

What are the three parts of an AMI?

A

Template - which OS, Applications et. are used
Launch permissions - which accounts can use the instance
Block Device Mapping - specifies which EBS volumes to attach at launch

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26
Q

What is ElasticBeanstalk?

A

You upload the code and AWS handels the provisioning of the infrastructure, such as deployment of instances, auto scaling, OS and Language patching etc.

You still have full access to the resources

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27
Q

What is the AWS Service Catalog?

A
  • Creates Products in Services for groups of people
  • Restrict access to services in AWS
  • Make creation of task (Create Bucket) easier for the users
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28
Q

What is “block device mapping”?

A

Define what volume(s) and what snapshots are used

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29
Q

What is bootstrapping?

A

Including instructions for deploying the application on the first boot

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30
Q

What is an instance profile?

A

The container for one role used by an EC2 instance

31
Q

What are the two deployment methods?

A

in-place: updates existing infrastructure on runtime (or maintenance window)

replacement: deploys a new stack of resources

32
Q

What services can be used for replacement deployments?

A

ElasticBeanstalk, CloudFormation, OpsWorks

33
Q

Describe the Code* AWS products

A

CodeStar: Set of tools (including its own console) to quickly set up an infrastructure
CodeCommit: fully managed source control
CodePipeline: Service for continuous integration / delivery

34
Q

How is a Replacement Update (for a new AMI) done with an Auto Scaling Group?

A

Create a new Launch Configuration and set up the ASG to use the new configuration.
the AS termination policy will - step by step - replace the old instances

35
Q

What services can be used for green/blue deployments?

A

ElasticBeanstalk, CloudFormation, OpsWorks

36
Q

What are the two Elastic Beanstalk applications tiers?

A

web server tier

worker tier

37
Q

When to use Elastic Beanstalk and when to use ECS for Docker?

A

EB: Quickly start
ECS: More control

38
Q

Os ECS Multi AZ / Multi regional?

A

Multi AZ: yes

Multi Regional: no

39
Q

ECS: What is a cluster?

A

A logical grouping of instances that run the container

40
Q

ECS: What is the container agent?

A

Calls the AWS API on your behalf, therefore needs the appropriate role and the instances that the agent runs on need access (public or NAT) to external resources

41
Q

ECS: What is included in an ECS optimized AMI?

A

A minimal instance of a Linux AMI
The container agent
Version of docker
Service packages

42
Q

ECS: What is included in a container?

A

Everything that needs to run the application, but nothing more

43
Q

ECS: What is a container image?

A

Read-Only template built from a dockerfile, which defines what needs to be installed.
Is stored in a registry

44
Q

CF: What happens when one resource cannot be created/deleted?

A

Creation: Everything is rolled back / deleted
Deletion: That resource will remain

45
Q

CF: What is the status for a successful / failed stack deletion?

A

DELETE_COMPLETE

DELETE_FAILED

46
Q

CF: What are reasons why a stack cannot be deleted?

A

Before a resource can be deleted it must be empty

There is insufficient permissions to do so

47
Q

CF: What happens when a stack gets updated?

A

CloudFormation compares the the changes and only replaces the necessary resources, therefore not causing a disruption for them

48
Q

CF: What are Change Sets?

A

Instead of deploying directly, a change set lets you review the changes first.
Yet, it is not a guarantee that the creation will be successful

49
Q

CF: What is a parameter?

A

Possibility to pass variables into the template.
Must contain a value (by setting a default)
Can include rules on what can be the value

50
Q

CF: What is mapping?

A

Returns values from an input, region e.g.

51
Q

CF: What are conditions?

A

Defines under what circumstances resources are created.

Needs to be set up in: Parameters, Conditions and Resources

52
Q

CF: Describe the relationship between templates and stacks?

A

Stacks are instances of templates

53
Q

CF: What are the limits for stacks and templates?

A

Stacks: 200
Templates: Unlimited

54
Q

CF: When there is the need for a change on a running system, how should be proceeded?

A

Make the change directly (increase disk space e.g.) and make the same change ion the template.

55
Q

To create a stack using the AWS CLI, what would you use?

A

aws cloudformation create-stack

56
Q

ElasticBeanstalk: You need to access an EC2 Instance, what needs to be done?

A

Enable login access.

57
Q

ElasticBeanstalk: Managed Platform Update is enabled, what will it update?

A

Managed platform updates only update minor versions, not major versions.
To update
a major version, you must manually initiate the update.

Managed platform updates can
be used to update the operating system, applications, platforms, and languages that you
need. T

58
Q

ElasticBeanstalk: What is the duration and length of a maintenance window in Elastic Beanstalk when using
managed platform updates?

A

2 hours every week

59
Q

ElasticBeanstalk: Describe the advantages of the different deployment types

A
  • All at once is the fastest deployment policy since all of the systems are updated at
    once, but it does require downtime
  • Rolling allows you to keep your application up while
    deploying an update, though it can only support a lower capacity.
  • Rolling with additional
    batch allows your application to stay up during the update, though it incurs additional
    cost due to the EC2 instances that need to be spun up.
  • Immutable is also a zero-downtime
    deployment policy. It is very fast and offers the fastest failback of all the options; it is also
    the most expensive.
60
Q

Lightsail: How would you connect to the an Amazon Lightsail instance with the least
amount of administrative effort?

A

Use the Connect option in the Amazon Lightsail Console.

61
Q

Batch: What are the four components of AWS Batch (and their purpose) ?

A

1) Job - single unit of work
2) Job definition - how a job should be run, including resource
requirements
3) Job queue - responsible for storage jobs until they are ready to be
executed
4) Scheduler - determining when jobs should be run

62
Q

Batch: You have a job that you want to run with AWS Batch. The job size would be 25 KB.
Would this be a good fit?

A

The default job size is 20 KB. This is a hard limit and can’t be
changed.

63
Q

Batch: Which are two types of compute environments available for use with AWS Batch.

A

1) Managed Compute Environment - AWS to manage the infrastructure for your batch jobs.
2) Unmanaged Compute Environment - You want
to manage the infrastructure for your batch jobs

64
Q

Batch: What must you install on your compute resources to utilize them with AWS Batch?

A

AWS Batch uses containers to execute batch jobs. To take advantage of AWS Batch,
you must install the Amazon ECS (Elastic Container Service) Agent on your compute
resources. T

65
Q

ECS: Where do
you need to define the launch type in the task definition file so that your ECS containers
will use Fargate instead of EC2?

A

“requiresCompatibilities”: [“FARGATE”]

66
Q

ECS: . You need a place to store the container images that you have created. Where are container
images stored?

A

Repository

67
Q

ECS: You run the get-login command so that you can log into the repository.
What does the get-login command return?

A

Authorization token

68
Q

Lightsail: You need to add more storage disks to a system in Amazon Lightsail. How many disks can
you add?

A

Up to 15 disks

69
Q

Lightsail: What is

the maximum amount of storage that you can attach to Amazon Lightsail with a single disk?

A

16 TB

70
Q

Lightsail: What

are the steps involved to increase the disk size? (two)

A

1) Take a snapshot of the disk you want to enlarge.

2) Create a larger disk from the snapshot.

71
Q

Lightsail: How many domains does Lightsail support?

A

10

72
Q

Lightsail: How to enable stickiness for the customers?

A

Enable session persistence on the Lightsail load balancer.

73
Q

Lightsail: What can be done if more control is needed for the running instances?

A

Use the Upgrade to EC2 feature to convert your Lightsail instance to an EC2
instance.

Sysops (14 decks)

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