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Orthodontics > Appliances > Flashcards

Appliances Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between passive and active removable appliances?

A

Psssive - don’t move teeth

Active- move teeth

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2
Q

List 3 passive removable appliances?

A

Coverplate
Space maintainer
Retainer

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3
Q

List 2 active removable appliances

A

Functional appliance

Aligners

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4
Q

Name 4 components of removable appliances?

A

Active
Retentive
Anchorage
Baseplate

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5
Q

Describe the function of each component of removable appliances

A

Active - the component that moves the teeth

Retentive - the component that keeps the appliance in the mouth

Anchorage - the component that provides anchorage to teeth being moved

Baseplate - attaches everything together

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6
Q

What type of movement do most removable appliances cause?

A

Tipping

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7
Q

Advantages fo removable appliances?

A

Can be removed for cleaning
Relatively cheap
Very useful for limited applications

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8
Q

Disadvantages of removable appliances

A

Compliance
Poor oral hygiene = plaque retentive
Limited tooth movements - can only tip = no intrusion/extrusion, rotation
Lower is generally poorly tolerated

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9
Q

What criteria must patients meet to be selected for removable appliances?

A

Well-motivated
Good oral hygiene
No active caries
Good cooperation

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10
Q

What is a coverplate?

A

Passive removable appliance used post-surgical exposure of attached gingiva to maintain the dressing and aid healing

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11
Q

How should you manage a patient in practice is they have a coverplate?

A

Should not be removed

Stays in place for 10-14 days after surgery

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12
Q

Function of space maintaners?

A

Maintain space after early tooth loss for room for prosthesis or room for successor tooth

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13
Q

Most common type of retainer used?

A

Essix

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14
Q

Advantages of essix retainers

A

Quick and cheap
Good aesthetic
Less impact on speech
Effective - stop rotations especially

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15
Q

Disadvatages fo essix retainers?

A

Not durable, OH critical, can’t eat or drink with them in, easily lost

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16
Q

Describe Hawley retainers

A

Acrylic baseplate with adams clasps

17
Q

Advantages of Hawley retainers

A

More durable than essix, allow settling of teeth

18
Q

Disadvantages of Hawley retainers

A

Compliance (more bulky), not as well fitting - mat allow relapse, more expensive

19
Q

Advantages of fixed retainers?

A

Full time, compliance, good for rotations

20
Q

Disadvantages of bonded retainers

A

Breakage, difficult to repair, hard for overbite in upper, OH difficult

21
Q

How long should you advice patients to wear retainers?

A

Indefinitely

22
Q

What are functional appliances?

A

Removable or fixed appliances that use forces generated by stretching muscles, fascia and/or periodontium to alter skeletal and dental relationships

23
Q

When are functional appliances used?

A

Usually class II malocclusion

24
Q

What is the most common type of fucntional appliance?

A

Twin block

25
Q

HOw do functional appliances work for class II malocclusion?

A

Posture mandible forward, this generate forces to pull mandible distally which put forces of lower twin block onto upper twinblock, this pulls maxillary teeth posterior and anterior forward (procline)

26
Q

What role do GDPs have in terms of functional appliances?

A

OHI
Motivation - difficult to wear
Appropriate referral

27
Q

What is an appropriate referral for functional appliances?

A

Active growth - F = 11-13, M = 12-14
Class II
OJ > 6mm

28
Q

Advantages of fixed appliances?

A

Better for complex cases
Bodily movement
Compliance is less of an issue
Does not effect speech

29
Q

Disadvantages of fixed appliances?

A

Need very good OH
Diet restrictions
Cause root resorption
Need skill/training

30
Q

Components of fixed applainces?

A 
Bracket (on tooth)
Archwire - flexible or rigid
Ligature (wire tie)
Molar bond
Auxiliaries - elastics, springs
31
Q

Role of GDPs in fixed appliance

A 
Prevention (OHI) - interdental brushes
Diet advice
Repair
Extractions
Retainers

Orthodontics (2 decks)

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