Appliances Flashcards
Difference between passive and active removable appliances?
Psssive - don’t move teeth
Active- move teeth
List 3 passive removable appliances?
Coverplate
Space maintainer
Retainer
List 2 active removable appliances
Functional appliance
Aligners
Name 4 components of removable appliances?
Active
Retentive
Anchorage
Baseplate
Describe the function of each component of removable appliances
Active - the component that moves the teeth
Retentive - the component that keeps the appliance in the mouth
Anchorage - the component that provides anchorage to teeth being moved
Baseplate - attaches everything together
What type of movement do most removable appliances cause?
Tipping
Advantages fo removable appliances?
Can be removed for cleaning
Relatively cheap
Very useful for limited applications
Disadvantages of removable appliances
Compliance
Poor oral hygiene = plaque retentive
Limited tooth movements - can only tip = no intrusion/extrusion, rotation
Lower is generally poorly tolerated
What criteria must patients meet to be selected for removable appliances?
Well-motivated
Good oral hygiene
No active caries
Good cooperation
What is a coverplate?
Passive removable appliance used post-surgical exposure of attached gingiva to maintain the dressing and aid healing
How should you manage a patient in practice is they have a coverplate?
Should not be removed
Stays in place for 10-14 days after surgery
Function of space maintaners?
Maintain space after early tooth loss for room for prosthesis or room for successor tooth
Most common type of retainer used?
Essix
Advantages of essix retainers
Quick and cheap
Good aesthetic
Less impact on speech
Effective - stop rotations especially
Disadvatages fo essix retainers?
Not durable, OH critical, can’t eat or drink with them in, easily lost
Describe Hawley retainers
Acrylic baseplate with adams clasps
Advantages of Hawley retainers
More durable than essix, allow settling of teeth
Disadvantages of Hawley retainers
Compliance (more bulky), not as well fitting - mat allow relapse, more expensive
Advantages of fixed retainers?
Full time, compliance, good for rotations
Disadvantages of bonded retainers
Breakage, difficult to repair, hard for overbite in upper, OH difficult
How long should you advice patients to wear retainers?
Indefinitely
What are functional appliances?
Removable or fixed appliances that use forces generated by stretching muscles, fascia and/or periodontium to alter skeletal and dental relationships
When are functional appliances used?
Usually class II malocclusion
What is the most common type of fucntional appliance?
Twin block
HOw do functional appliances work for class II malocclusion?
Posture mandible forward, this generate forces to pull mandible distally which put forces of lower twin block onto upper twinblock, this pulls maxillary teeth posterior and anterior forward (procline)
What role do GDPs have in terms of functional appliances?
OHI
Motivation - difficult to wear
Appropriate referral
What is an appropriate referral for functional appliances?
Active growth - F = 11-13, M = 12-14
Class II
OJ > 6mm
Advantages of fixed appliances?
Better for complex cases
Bodily movement
Compliance is less of an issue
Does not effect speech
Disadvantages of fixed appliances?
Need very good OH
Diet restrictions
Cause root resorption
Need skill/training
Components of fixed applainces?
Bracket (on tooth) Archwire - flexible or rigid Ligature (wire tie) Molar bond Auxiliaries - elastics, springs
Role of GDPs in fixed appliance
Prevention (OHI) - interdental brushes Diet advice Repair Extractions Retainers
