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MIRRORS > APPLES 1 > Flashcards

APPLES 1 Flashcards

1
Q

An address in a block is given as 180.8.17.9. Find the number of addresses in the block, the first address, and the last address?

a. 2^16, 180.8.0.0 and 180.8.255.255
b. 2^16, 180.8.0.0 and 180.8.17.255
c. 2^16, 180.8.0.0 and 180.8.0.255
d. 2^16, 180.8.17.0 and 180.8.17.255

A

Since the first octet 180 is between 128 and 191, it is class B (N.N.H.H) address n=16.
Number of addresses = 2 ^(Number of 1s in H) = 2^16.
The first two octets are fixed which is 180.8.X.X
The first address (network address): 180.8.0.0
The last address (broadcast address): 2^16, 180.8.255.255.

The correct answer is: 2^16, 180.8.0.0 and 180.8.255.255

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2
Q

The structure or the format of data is called?

a. None of the these
b. Timing
c. Semantics
d. Syntax

A

The structure and format of data are denoted using syntax.
Semantics denotes how a particular pattern to be interpreted, and what action is to be taken based on that interpretation.
Protocol = Syntax + Semantics + Timing.

The correct answer is: Syntax

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3
Q

List the layers of the OSI reference model from the upper to lower layer?

a. Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data link, Physical
b. Application, Session, Presentation, Transport, Network, Data link, Physical
c. Application, Transport, Network,Session, Presentation, Data link, Physical
d. None of the above

A

Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data link, Physical

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4
Q

Give the number of layers in ISO (OSI reference model, TCP/IP model)

a. 6,5
b. 5,7
c. 7,5
d. 7,6

A

The seven layers in ISO OSI reference model is Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data link and Physical layer. There are five layers in the Internet Protocol stack. The five layers in Internet Protocol stack is Application, Transport, Network, Data link and Physical layer.

The correct answer is: 7,5

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5
Q

Computer A and B belong to a different LAN. Computer A want to communicate with communicate B through the intermediate router. Which layers of the OSI reference model will be affected as the data in transmitted from Computer A to Computer B?

a. Layers 1, 3 and 5
b. Layers 1, 2 and 4
c. Layers 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
d. Layers 1, 2 and 3

A

The correct answers is: Layers 1, 3 and 5

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6
Q

Which of the following is a set of rules that governs the data communication?

a. None of the above
b. RFCs
c. Governance
d. Protocol

A

In computer network, a protocol refers to a set of rules and regulations that allow a network of nodes to transmit and receive data.

The correct answer is: Protocol

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7
Q

Which network topology is widely used for Peer to Peer LAN communication?

a. Ring
b. Star
c. Mesh
d. Mesh

A

The correct answer is: Ring

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8
Q

Consider three machines A, B and C with IP addresses 100.10.5.2, 100.10.5.5 and 100.10.5.6 respectively. The subnet mask is set to 255.255.255.252 for all the three machines. Deduce the conclusion of this setup?

a. A, B and C all belong to the same subnet
b. Only A and B belong to the same subnet
c. A, B, and C belong to three different subnets
d. Only B and C belong to the same subnet

A

First, we will do bitwise AND between Subnet mask and given IP address one by one. It is sure from the computation that B and C belong to the same network (i.e., network address 100.10.5.4), while A can belong to different network (i.e., network address 100.10.5.0). Hence option Only B and C belong to the same subnet is correct.

The correct answer is: Only B and C belong to the same subnet

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9
Q

Which of the following are various classes of IP addresses in classful addressing?

a. A,B,C,D,E,F
b. A,C,D,E,F
c. A,B,C,D,F
d. A,B,C,D,E

A

There are 5 classes of IPv4 addresses. They are class A, B, C, D and E. Class D is for multicasting and Class E is for experimental and research purpose. Hence option C is correct.

The correct answer is: A,B,C,D,E

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10
Q

In the OSI model, as a data packet moves from the lower to the upper layers, headers are _______.

a. Rearranged
b. Removed
c. Replaced
d. Added

A

The correct answer is: Removed

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11
Q 
>What are the Two approaches mainly used in packet switching?
a .Datagram Approach
b. Virtual Circuit Approach
c. Message Switching
d. Circuit Datagram
A

Datagram Approach, Virtual Circuit Approach

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12
Q

Data communication system within a building or campus is________.

a. WAN
b. MAN
c. PAN
d. LAN

A

LAN (Local Area Network) This network interconnects computers in a small area such as schools, offices, residence etc.

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13
Q

List the three broad classification of networks?

a. PAN, BAN and MAN
b. LAN, WAN and MAN
c. PAN, WAN and LAN
d. LAN, BAN and MAN

A

LAN, WAN and MAN

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14
Q

You are the network administrator, and your client want you to suggest either a switch or hub to be used in a medium sized network. Which device will you recommend to such network?

a. Hub
b. Neither Switch nor Hub
c. Either Switch or Hub
d. Switch

A

Switch is used to connect medium sized networks, Hub for small networks.
The correct answer is: Switch

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15
Q

Each block in class B contains _____________ addresses.

a. 2^32
b. 2^8
c. 2^24
d. 2^16

A 
Each block in class B contains 2^16 addresses. 
The notion of class B is N.N.H.H. Out of 32 bits, the first 16 bits are used for identifying the network and the remaining 16 bits are used by the host portion. Each octet in N.N.H.H is of 8 bits. So the total addresses for host will be 2^(Number of bits in H) 16 bits and hence option d is correct

The correct answer is: 2^16

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16
Q

Consider a network using star topology with 8 connecting endpoint devices. Compute the following,

a) The number of Ports per device ?
b) The Total number of Ports in the given network?

A

Number of ports per device is 2, Number of devices N is 8. Therefore total number of ports in the network will be 2xN=16.

a) 2 ports per device
b) 16 ports in total

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17
Q

Name the two types of Bridges used in computer networking?

a. 2 Port Bridge
b. Source port Bridge
c. Transparent Bridge
d. Source routing Bridge

A

Transparent Bridge and Source routing Bridge

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18
Q

TCP/IP model was developed _____ the OSI model.

a. after
b. prior to
c. at the same time with
d. none of the these

A

Several TCP/IP prototypes were developed at multiple research centers between 1978 and 1983, whereas OSI reference model was developed in the year 1984.

v

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19
Q

A landline telephone network is an example of a _______ network.

a. Line switched
b. Packet switched
c. Circuit switched
d. Both Packet and Circuit switched

A

Circuit switching is connection oriented switching technique whereas packet switching is connectionless.

The correct answer is: Both Packet and Circuit switched

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20
Q

In OSI model, when data is sent from device A to device B, the 5th layer to receive data at B is

a. Link layer
b. Session layer
c. Presentation layer
d. Application layer

A

In OSI reference model, the fifth layer is Session layer. Session layer provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing a session between end-user application processes.

The correct answer is: Session layer

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21
Q

Physical or logical arrangement of network is __________.

a. Hierarchy
b. Networking
c. Topology
d. Organisation

A

Topology in networks is the structure or pattern in which each and every node in the network is connected. There are many topologies in networking like bus, ring, star, mesh, hybrid.

The correct answer is: Topology

22
Q

What are the port numbers for HTTP and HTTPs services?

a. 445, 80 respectively
b. 443, 80 respectively
c. 80, 443 respectively
d. 80, 445 respectively

A

Port 80 for http and port 443 for https

23
Q

Transmission data rate is decided by?

a. Network layer
b. Transport layer
c. Data link layer
d. Physical layer

A

Physical layer is a layer 1 device which deals with network cables or the standards in use like connectors, pins, electric current used etc. Basically the transmission speed is determined by the cables and connectors used. Hence it is physical layer that determines the transmission speed in network.

24
Q

If an Ethernet port on a router were assigned an IP address of 172.16.112.1/25, what would be the valid subnet address for this host?

a. 172.16.255.0
b. 172.16.112.0
c. 172.16.0.0
d. None of these

A

To obtain the network address when a subnet mask and IP address are given, we need to do bitwise AND between the IP address and the subnet mask. Subnet mask is given as 25 which mean 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 in binary. The result of the bitwise operation between 172.16.112.1 and 255.255.255.192 we get 172.16.112.0

25
Q

In a network, a node sends data to all the participants in the network is called as a ___________.

a. none of the these
b. unicast network
c. multicast network
d. broadcast network

A

In a broadcast network, an information is sent to all nodes in a network whereas in a multicast network the data or information is sent to a group of nodes in the network. In unicast network, information is sent to only one specific node.

The correct answer is: broadcast network

26
Q

A __________ is a layer 3 device that forwards packets between networks by processing the routing information included in the packet?

a. firewall
b. all of these
c. router
d. bridge

A

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet.

27
Q

Convert the IPv4 address 10000001.00001011.01001011.11101111from binary notation to a dotted decimal notation?

a. 129.10.75.242
b. 129.10.75.240
c. 129.11.75.239
d. 129.10.75.239

A

The answer is 129.11.75.239.

Use 2^0, 2^1, 2^2, 2^3, 2^4, 2^5, 2^6, 2^7 table for computing each Octet.

28
Q

Which of the following does not have a Net ID and Host ID?

a. Class B
b. Class D
c. Class A
d. Class C

A

Class D addresses are for multicasting purpose. Class A uses the notation N.H.H.H, Class B uses the notation N.N.H.H and Class C uses the notation N.N.N.H. Hence option d is correct.

29
Q

Which standard developed the OSI reference model?

a. None of the above
b. International Service Organisations
c. International Standard Corporation
d. International Standards for Organisations

A

International Standards for Organisations

30
Q

What are the Three phases in circuit switching?

a. Connection establishment, Data Transfer and Connection Disconection
b. Connection establishment, Data Movement and Connection Terminate
c. Connection start, Data Transit and Aknowledgement
d. None of the above

A

Connection establishment, Data Transfer and Connection Disconection

31
Q

What are the types of network architectures in computer networks?

a. Both Peer-To-Peer network and Client/Server network.
b. Peer-To-Peer network
c. Client/Server network
d. None of them

A

Peer-To-Peer network and Client/Server network

32
Q

Which address identifies a process or a running service on a host?

a. Port Address
b. MAC Address
c. Physical Address
d. Port Number

A

A port number is a way to identify a specific process to which an Internet or other network message is to be forwarded when it arrives at a server.

The correct answer is Port Address

33
Q

List the two main services offered by the Transport layer of the OSI reference model?

a. TCP and UDP service
b. None of the above
c. HTTP and DNS service
d. HTTP and FTP service

A

TCP and UDP service

34
Q

Communication between a computer and a speaker involves ______________ transmission.

a. Simplex
b. Automatic
c. Half-duplex
d. Full-duplex

A

Data flows in single direction that is from computer to speaker only
The correct answer is: Simplex

35
Q

The _______ is the physical path or channel over which a message travels.

a. Medium
b. Path
c. Route
d. Path

A

Message travel from sender to receiver a medium using a protocol.
The correct answer is: Medium

36
Q

Which of the following is an invalid subnet mask?

a. 255.252.0.0
b. 255.255.192.255
c. 255.255.224.0
d. 255.255.240.0

A

The correct answer is: 255.255.192.255

37
Q

In a network, where security is a primary concern, which of the devices can be recommended?

a. Hub
b. None
c. All of the above
d. All of the above

A

The correct answer is: Switch

38
Q

Name the topology where all data is transmitted over a common transmission medium and the data is received through broadcast technique?

a. Bus
b. Ring
c. Mesh
d. Star

A

The correct answer is: Bus

39
Q

Traffic problem can be minimized using which topology setup?

a. Ring
b. Bus
c. Mesh
d. Star

A

The correct answer is: Mesh

40
Q

The number of bits in (IPv4 address, IPv6 address, MAC address and Port Address) is

a. 32, 128, 48, 32 respectively
b. 32, 128, 64, 16 respectively
c. 32, 128, 48, 16 respectively
d. 128, 32, 48, 16 respectively

A

IPv4 – 16 bits
IPv6 – 128 bits
Physical or MAC address – 48 bits
Port address or port numbers – 16 bits.

41
Q

Which of the following is an example class B address?

a. 239.240.255.254
b. 191.10.10.107
c. 192.168.1.1
d. 127.127.89.69

A 
If the first octet of an IPv4 address is between 0 and 127, it is class A.
If the first octet is between 128 and 191, then it is class B.
If the first octet is between 192 and 223, it is class C.
If the first octet is between 224 and 239 it is class D.
If the first octet is between 240 and 255, it is class E.

Therefore Option C is correct because the first octet is between 128 and 191.

42
Q

Which of the following network device that connect Two LAN segments of same protocol?

a. Switch
b. Bridge
c. Repeater
d. Hub

A

The correct answer is: Bridge

43
Q

In computer network nodes are

a. All of the these
b. the computer that originates the data
c. the computer that routes the data
d. the computer that terminates the data

A

In a computer network, a node can be anything that is capable of sending data or receiving data or even routing the data to the destination. In fact a router is also a computer.

The correct answer is: All of the these

44
Q

This layer is an addition to OSI model when compared with TCP IP model?

a. Session layer
b. Presentation layer
c. Both Session and Presentation layer
d. Application layer

A

The only difference between OSI model and TCP/IP model is that in OSI model two layers namely Presentation and Session layer have been added.

The correct answer is: Both Session and Presentation layer

45
Q

i. ) Routers are layer 2 device. ii.) Switches are layer 3 device.
a. Both i. and ii. are false
b. Both i. and ii. are true
c. i.) is true and ii.) is false
d. i.) is false and ii.) is true.

A

Router- Network Layer (Layer 3 device)
Switch – Data Link layer (Layer 2) device.

The correct answer is: Both i. and ii. are false

46
Q

In the given network scenario, how many different destination MAC addresses can be noted in the frame in its journey from the source computer ‘A’ to destination computer ‘B’?

a. 4
b. 5
c. 2
d. 3

A

At the Switch at LAN1, router level and at the switch LAN2.
Count the incoming interface and the outgoing interfaces. The total becomes 3

The correct answer is: 3

47
Q

An organization is granted the block 130.34.12.64/26. Find the number of addresses for the whole network?

a. 128
b. None of these
c. 256
d. 32

A

/26 means 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000, in decimal it is 255.255.255.192.0 2 Number of 0s = 2^6 is the number of hosts (addresses) = 64.

The correct answer is: None of the these

48
Q

> What are the Three main switching techniques in computer networks?

a. Circuit, Virtual and Datagram Approach switching
b. Packet, Datagram and Virtual circuit switching
c. None of the above
d. Circuit, Message and Packet switching

A

The correct answer is: Circuit, Message and Packet switching

49
Q

If you need 10 hosts in a subnet with a Class C network ID, which subnet mask would you prefer?

a. 255.255.255.240
b. 255.255.255.255
c. 255.255.255.252
d. 255.255.255.248

A

If you have eight networks and each requires 10 hosts, you would use the Class C mask of 255.255.255.240 because the last octet 240 in binary is 11110000, which means the subnet generator is 16. Therefore For 10 hosts we need to go for 16.

The correct answer is: 255.255.255.240

50
Q

What is the main difference between OSI reference model and the TCP/IP architecture?

a. OSI reference model uses the Internet layer to define routing standards and protocols whereas TCP/IP uses only the Network layer
b. OSI reference model operate in 7 layers whereas TCP/IP uses 4 or 5 layers
c. OSI reference model uses the network layer to define routing standards and protocols whereas TCP/IP uses only the Internet layer.
d. OSI reference model operate in 7 layers whereas TCP/IP uses 4 layers.

A

OSI reference model uses the network layer to define routing standards and protocols whereas TCP/IP uses only the Internet layer.

The correct answers are: OSI reference model operate in 7 layers whereas TCP/IP uses 4 layers.

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