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Antoine Lavoisier
father of chemistry
Discovered this law.
Chemical Equation
shorthand expression of a chemical reaction. Reactants -> product
Coefficient
no. of molecules
Subscript
no. Of atoms
Molecular mass
total mass of all the atoms within a molecule or compound
Total mass reactant
is always equal to product
Law of definite proportion
A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass
Law of conservation of mass
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
Law of multiple Proportions
A given compound always contains elements in a certain proportion by mass. (Constant composition)
Compound composition
Regardless of the amount, a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass
Little, big numbers
subscripts, coefficients
Ionic Bonding
forms ionic compounds, transfer of valence e-, Always formed between metal cations and non-metals anions, The oppositely charged ions stick like magnets
Metallic Bonding
Always formed between 2 metals (pure metals)
Covalent Bonding
forms molecules, sharing of valence e- Pairs of e- are shared between 2 non-metal atoms to acquire the electron configuration of a noble gas
Octet rule
says that atoms can become stable by having eight electrons in their outer energy level, as shown in the noble gas, Neon
John Dalton
Billiard Ball model, Solid Sphere
J. J. Thompson
discovered electrons, plum pudding model
Eugen Goldstein
discovered protons
Ernest Rutherford
discoved nucleus of a gold atom with his gold foil experiment. Gold foil experiment (Alpha Scattering Experiment. Nuclear Model
Niels Bohr
Specific energy level, Planetary Model
Chemical Bonding
bond results from the attraction nuclei for electrons
Valence é
outer most electrons of the s and p sublevel
Noble gases
elements that aren’t reactive/ stable, inert gases
Lewis Dot Structure
structure where numbers of valence electrons are represented by dots
