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exam prep > Appendix C > Flashcards

Appendix C Flashcards

1
Q

What does DNS stand for

A

Domain Name System

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2
Q

What port does DNS operate on

A

Both TCP & UDP 53

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3
Q

How does DNS work

A

User sends a single UDP packet to the server

Server responds with a single UDP packet

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4
Q

What is a DNS Zone Transfer

A

A method of copying the DNS database across multiple DNS a set of DNS servers.

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5
Q

What two types of DNS Zone Transfers are there

A

AXFR : Full

IXFR : Incremental

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6
Q

How does a DNS Zone Transfer Work

A

The actual data transfer process begins by the client sending a query (opcode 0) with the special QTYPE (query type) AXFR (value 252) over the TCP connection to the server.

The server responds with a series of response messages, comprising all of the resource records for every domain name in the “zone”.

The first response comprises the SOA resource record for the zone apex.

The other data follows in no specified order. The end of the data is signalled by the server repeating the response containing the SOA resource record for the zone apex.

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7
Q

What does SOA stand for

A

Start of Authority, multiple fields which specify what parts of the naming hierarchy a server implements. Includes the primary NS, the domain serial number, email address of admin, and refresh timing info.

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8
Q

What does MX stand for

A

Mail Exchange, 16 bit preference and name of the host that acts as a mail exchange server for a domain, i.e. mail.domain.com

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9
Q

What does TXT stand for

A

Text, Uninterpreted string of ASCII text

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10
Q

What does A stand for

A

Address, 32 bit IP address of the host or domain

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11
Q

What does NS stand for

A

Name Server, Authoritive name server for the domain

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12
Q

What does PTR stand for

A

Pointer, symbolic link for a domain i.e. net.domain.com points to www.domain.com

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13
Q

What does HINFO stand for

A

Host Information, Name of CPU and OS

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14
Q

What does CNAME stand for

A

Canonical Name, canonical domain name

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15
Q

What does AAAA stand for

A

AAAA (IPv6 Address Record) returns the 128bit IPv6 address

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16
Q

What does DNAME stand for

A

Delegation Name, similar to CNAME. However, CNAME links to one exact other name whereas DNAME links to a name and all subnames.

17
Q

How would you exclude results from a Google search

A

You can exclude words from your search by using the - operator; any word in your query preceded by the - sign is automatically excluded from the search results. Remember to always include a space before the - sign, and none after.

18
Q

How would you search for an exact phrase from a Google search

A

Put quotation marks around words “[any word]” to search for an exact phrase in an exact order. Keep in mind that searching with quotes might exclude relevant results. For instance, a search for “Alexander Bell” will miss pages that refer to Alexander G. Bell.

19
Q

How would you search for results from a specific website

A

Add “site:time.com” (or “site:nbc.com” or whichever site you want to search) after your search term,

20
Q

How would you search for links to a specific website

A

site:www.smallbusinesshub.com “inbound marketing”

21
Q

How would you search for sites relating to a website

A

related:visual.ly

22
Q

How would you search for variations of a phrase

A

use an asterix in the middle of the sentence and double quotes

i..e “* living for today”

23
Q

How would you search for either word

A

Use the word “and” between all the words in your query.

24
Q

How would you search a number range

A

You can perform a Numrange search on any sequential set of numbers by typing two periods between the numbers without any spaces. For example, you could search with the key phrases:

fashion icons 1920..1960
cars 30..50 mpg
computer $500..$800

25
Q

How would you get information relating to the domain

A

info: The query [info:] will present some information that Google has about that web
page. For instance, [info:www.google.com] will show information about the Google
homepage. Note there can be no space between the “info:” and the web page url.

26
Q

How would you search for cached versions of a website

A

cache: If you include other words in the query, Google will highlight those words within
the cached document. For instance, [cache:www.google.com web] will show the cached
content with the word “web” highlighted.

27
Q

What port is used for NNTP

A

TCP/199

28
Q

What port is used for NNTPS

A

TCP/563

29
Q

What is NNTP

A

The Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) is an application protocol used for transporting Usenet news articles (netnews) between news servers and for reading and posting articles by end user client applications.

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