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Crest > Appendix C > Flashcards

Appendix C Flashcards

1
Q

What does DNS stand for

A

Domain Name System

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2
Q

What port does DNS operate on

A

Both TCP & UDP 53

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3
Q

How does DNS work

A

User sends a single UDP packet to the server

Server responds with a single UDP packet

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4
Q

What is a DNS Zone Transfer

A

A method of copying the DNS database across multiple DNS a set of DNS servers.

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5
Q

What two types of DNS Zone Transfers are there

A

AXFR : Full

IXFR : Incremental

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6
Q

How does a DNS Zone Transfer Work

A

The actual data transfer process begins by the client sending a query (opcode 0) with the special QTYPE (query type) AXFR (value 252) over the TCP connection to the server.

The server responds with a series of response messages, comprising all of the resource records for every domain name in the “zone”.

The first response comprises the SOA resource record for the zone apex.

The other data follows in no specified order. The end of the data is signalled by the server repeating the response containing the SOA resource record for the zone apex.

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7
Q

What does SOA stand for

A

Start of Authority, multiple fields which specify what parts of the naming hierarchy a server implements. Includes the primary NS, the domain serial number, email address of admin, and refresh timing info.

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8
Q

What does MX stand for

A

Mail Exchange, 16 bit preference and name of the host that acts as a mail exchange server for a domain, i.e. mail.domain.com

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9
Q

What does TXT stand for

A

Text, Uninterpreted string of ASCII text

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10
Q

What does A stand for

A

Address, 32 bit IP address of the host or domain

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11
Q

What does NS stand for

A

Name Server, Authoritive name server for the domain

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12
Q

What does PTR stand for

A

Pointer, symbolic link for a domain i.e. net.domain.com points to www.domain.com

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13
Q

What does HINFO stand for

A

Host Information, Name of CPU and OS

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14
Q

What does CNAME stand for

A

Canonical Name, canonical domain name

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15
Q

What does AAAA stand for

A

AAAA (IPv6 Address Record) returns the 128bit IPv6 address

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16
Q

What does DNAME stand for

A

Delegation Name, similar to CNAME. However, CNAME links to one exact other name whereas DNAME links to a name and all subnames.

17
Q

How would you exclude results from a Google search

A
  • operator

By adding a dash prior to a word, this will exclude all results which include that word

18
Q

How would you search for an exact phrase from a Google search

A

”” operator

By searching for a phrase within quotation marks

19
Q

How would you search for results from a specific website

A

site: operator

By using site:domain followed by the search query, Google will only search this site for the query

20
Q

How would you search for links to a specific website

A

link: opeartor

By using link:query this will search for sites that use this link

21
Q

How would you search for sites relating to a website

A

related: operator

By using related:query this will search for related websites

22
Q

How would you search for variations of a phrase

A
  • operator used in conjunction with quotation marks will search for variations of a phrase
    i. e “the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy *”
23
Q

How would you search for either word

A

OR operator

Must be in caps

24
Q

How would you search a number range

A

.. operator

i.e 1..10

25
Q

How would you get information relating to the domain

A

info: operator

By using info:domain this will search for information relating to that domain including cached versions

26
Q

How would you search for cached versions of a website

A

cache: operator

By using cache:domain this will show what the page looked like the last time Google crawled it

27
Q

What port is used for NNTP

A

TCP 119

28
Q

What port is used for NNTPS

A

TCP 563

29
Q

What is NNTP

A

Network News Transfer Protocol, used for transporting usenet news articles between server and clients.

Crest (12 decks)

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