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Neuroanatomy 1 > Appendix A > Flashcards

Appendix A Flashcards

1
Q

What does Chordata mean?

A

Phylum in which man is classified in

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2
Q

What does Vertebrata mean?

A

Subphylum that man is classified in

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3
Q

Mammalia

A

Class that man is classified in

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4
Q

Primate

A

Order that man is classified in

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5
Q

Homo Sapiens

A

Correct or proper way to write the genus and species of man

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6
Q

Adenohypophysis

A

The anterior and intermediate portions of the pituitary gland

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7
Q

Neurohypophysis

A

The posterior part of the pituitary gland

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8
Q

Another name for neurohypophysis is the “____ ____.”

A

pars nervosa

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9
Q

Hypophysis Cerebri

A

Entire pituitary gland

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10
Q

Epiphysis Cerebri

A

The body of the pineal gland

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11
Q

Embryo

A

A developing human before the end of the 2nd month of gestation

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12
Q

Fetus

A

The name of a developing baby after the 2nd month and through birth (AKA: parturition)

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13
Q

Neonate

A

A newborn infant for the first year

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14
Q

Dentate

A

Notched or toothlike

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15
Q

Arcuate

A

Arranged like an arch

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16
Q

Striae

A

A groove or streak-like formation

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17
Q

Rectus

A

Means straight

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18
Q

Reticular

A

Net-like - A spider is particular in its web formation, so reticular is particular because it’s net/like as in a spiders web

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19
Q

Fissure

A

A deep groove

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20
Q

Sulcus

A

A shallow groove. S for Shallow.

Shallow Sulcus dug a hole in the backyard with some shallow grooves around the hole. Sulcus loved the shallow grooves so much he called them sulcus, after himself.

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21
Q

Gyrus

A

Tortuous convolution, meaning twisted

The Gyri Churro.

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22
Q

Where is the gyrus found?

A

Between the sulci and the fissures of the cerebrum

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23
Q

Folia

A

Small, page or leaf-like gyri of the cerebellum

Folia Fall has lots of leaves around her yard from the fall time of year. Folia loves these leaves so much so she named them after herself: Folia, because these leaves are in the Fall time, thus we have Folia Fall.

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24
Q

Nuclei

A

A cluster of group of neuronal cell bodies located within the CNS

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25
Ganglia
A cluster or group of neuronal cell bodies located within the PNS
26
Neuron
A nerve cell
27
Perikaryon
Another word for the cell body
28
Another word for the cell body is the ____?
Perikaryon
29
Axon
A process of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body
30
Hillock
A small prominence or elevation
31
Dendrite
The process of a neuron that carries a charge or impulse toward the cell body or perikaryon
32
Fiber
What we call a long dendrite or axon, or a long process - Long Dendrite - Long Axon - Long Process The Fiber DAPs (Dendrite, Axon, Process)
33
What is another name for a fiber?
A nerve fiber or a neuron fiber
34
Nerve
A white structure inside the PNS that is filled with neuron fibers that innervate body parts
35
Ramus
Means a branch —> remus in Harry Potter was a branch to the Wearwolves living under the Womping Willow that had branches!
36
The word ramus literally means a _____.
branch
37
Axolemma
Refers to the outer plasma membrane of an axon Axo = Axon
38
Neurilemma
The covering of a neuron fiber that is created by the surrounding cell —-> the covering of a neuron fiber
39
Vertebral canal
Passageway created by the continuous nature of the vertebral foramina
40
Central Canal
A tiny channel within the spinal cord and the inferior medulla oblongata
41
Aqueduct
Means a passageway
42
What example does the book provide of a passageway?
The cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius
43
Leptomeninx
Thin membrane referring to the arachnoid and pia matter
44
The leptomeninx refers to the ___ and ___ matter?
arachnoid; pia
45
Pachymeninx
Thick matter that also means the dura matter
46
Another name for the pachymeninx is the ___ matter.
dura
47
Somesthetic
Means to sense the body
48
Modality
A specific sensory entity as in gustatory (taste), olfaction, pain, etc.
49
Proprioception
The sense, or modality, of subconscious awareness of ones body position and muscle movement
50
Kinesthesia
The sense or modality of conscious awareness of ones body position and muscle movement
51
What is the difference between proprioception and kinesthesia?
Proprioception is subconscious awareness, whereas kinesthesia is conscious awareness.
52
Adrenergic
The releasing of adrenalin-like molecules at a target site
53
Cholinergic
The releasing of acetylcholine or choline-like molecules at the target site
54
Chiasma
A crossing, like the crossing of two optic fibers as in the optic chiasma
55
Decussation
A crossing of fibers and tracts in the CNS
56
Contralateral
To the opposite side
57
Ipsilateral
On the same side
58
Anterograde
Going forward, or moving away from the cell body
59
Retrograde
Going backward
60
Fugal
Moving away from Fugal Far away From
61
Lesion
Any type of injury or damage or any kind of "hurt"
62
Myelopathy
A lesion of the spinal cord
63
Necrosis
Cell death. Deadness. Death of cells or tissues. ------> DEATH!!!!
64
Neoplasm
Any new abnormal growth (Neo = new)
65
Malignant
A spreading, life threatening neoplasm or growth
66
Metastatic
Transferring to other tissue
67
Ischemia
Suppressing blood supply to an area of the body.
68
If not treated, ischemia can lead to ___ function and even ___.
abnormal; necrosis (DEATH!!!)
69
Hematoma
An accumulation of blood outside the blood vessels
70
Aneurysm
An abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall and its lumen
71
An aneurysm forms a sac of ___?
blood
72
Stroke
Loss of blood in the CNS that can cause permanent or prolonged brain damage
73
Angiography
X-ray of blood vessels that are injected with radiopaque dyes
74
Myelography
X-ray of the structures in the vertebral canal and the spinal cord after injecting radiopaque dyes in the CSF
75
Ataxia
Means an irregularity in skeletal muscle coordination —> impaired coordination Taxes cause impaired coordination!
76
Paralysis
Total or partial loss of normal motor function
77
Aphasia
Inability to communicate speech, writing, or signs -----> No communication! ----> Total Loss! A = without
78
Dysphasia
A partial or unusual loss of the ability to communicate ------> Partial Loss!!
79
Archi
Means beginning or original
80
Paleo
Means old -----> Not to be confused with the beginning, or Archi, just old!
81
Neo
Means new, as in neonatal
82
Cauda Equina
Horses Tail
83
Cephalgia
Means headache
84
Cornu
Means a horn-like projection
85
Crus
Means Leg or leg-like
86
Cytoarchitecture
The pattern of cell arrangements
87
Falx
Sickle-shaped like the crescent moon (Think like a foxes tail)
88
Fenestra
Window-like Fancy Fenestra lives in a Fancy house! Fenestra’s Fancy house had Fancy Windows that Fenestra loved sooo much!! So, Fancy Fenestra decided to name the Fancy Windows after herself because she could see her Fancy self. And thus we have it. Today, a window is not only a window, but it is a Fenestra!
89
Foramen
An opening
90
Glial
Means glue-like. So... glial cells and glue-like cells
91
Micron
A metric system unit of length, being measured at 1*10^-6 meters. It is also referred to as a micrometer (um)
92
A micron is measured at 1*10^-____.
-6
93
What is a micron also known as?
A micrometer
94
Operculum
Means a lid or covering
95
Pallium
Means to cloak —> like the Popes Pallium
96
Pons
A Bridge ----> found between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain
97
BBB
Blood Brain Barrier
98
CSF
Cerebral Spinal Fluid
99
CVA
Cerebrovascular Accident
100
TIA
Transient Ischemic Attack, often comes before a CVA
101
RIND
Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit
102
DRG
Dorsal Root Ganglia
103
IVF
Intervertebral Foramen
104
EEG
Electroencephalogram -----> A graph of brain waves
105
CAT
Computerized Axial Tomography
106
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
107
PET
Positron Emission Tomography
108
M.O.
Medulla Oblongata
109
M.S.
Multiple Sclerosis
110
ALS
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ------> AKA: Lou Gehrigh's Disease
111
GABA
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid
112
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) is a common ____ CNS neurotransmitter….(is it inhibitory or exciting).
inhibitory
113
ACH
Acetylcholine ------> A neurotransmitter

Neuroanatomy 1 (3 decks)

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