APPENDICULAR SKELETON Flashcards
acromio-clavicular joint
- the end of the collar bone where it connects to your shoulder.
- the acromial (lateral end) attaches to shoulder.
- medial end attaches with the sternum.
- attachment points for numerous muscles and they act as braces to hold arms out laterally.
- sternal end is pointier and acromial end is rounder
- whole thing as called a clavicle
Scapulae (shoulder blades)
definition
- lay between the second and seventh ribs
* have three borders and three angles
Acromion
*the nob at the top of the shoulder blade where it attaches to the shoulder
suprascapular notch
- notch along the superior border
superior border
- line along the top of the shoulder blades
superior angle
angle at the top on the medial border of the shoulder blade
subscapular fossa
the big bone of the scapulae with the anterior view
inferior angle
angle at the bottom of the scapulae
lateral and medial border
the inside and outside borders of the scapulae
Glenoid cavity
arch below the acromion on the lateral side of the scapulae (anterior)
coracoid process
the smaller nob that runs laterally along the acromion
lateral angle
- (posterior view) the same spot as the glenoid cavity
supraspinous fossa
(posterior) smaller large flat bone TOP
infraspinous fossa
- larger flat bone (posterior) BOTTOM
spine
- attached to the acromion, thins out and divides the supraspinous fossa and the infraspinous fossa
infraglenoid tubercle
small tubercle right below the glenoid cavity (lateral aspect)
upper limb
the upper limb has 32 bones
arm
- humerous is the sole bone of the arm
* articulates with the scapula at the shoulder, and the radius and ulna at the elbow
greater tubercle
(anterior) larger nob right off of the head of humerus
lesser tubercle
(anterior) smaller nob right off the head of the humerus
head of humerus
large rounded half circle at the top of the humerus
inter-tubercular groove
the groove between the greater and lesser tubercles
deltoid tuberosity
small bump on the humerus in the middle
lateral supracondylar ridge
ridge at the bottom of the humerus (anterior) on the left hand side
radial fossa
smaller hole in the doggy paw right above the capitulum
capitulum
largest toe of the doggy paw
coronoid fossa
larger hole in the doggy paw right above the trochlea
trochlea
(anterior) - third toe on the right of the doggy paw
(posterior) - bottom ridge of the humerus
medial epicondyle
bone at the bottom of the humerus closest to the centre
lateral epicondyle
bone at the bottom of the humerus closest to the outside
olecranon fossa
hole right above the trochlea (posterior)
medial supracondylar ridge
ridge closer to the bottom of the humerus closest to the middle
radial groove
groove along mid to upper humerus starting at the deltoid
surgical neck
circle around top of the humerus below the head
anatomical neck
dividing the head of the humerus and the humerus (theres a line)
forearm
- radius and ulna
* interosseous membrane connects the two bones along their entire length
Radial notch
divides the radius and the ulna at the top
proximal radioulnar joint
- same spot as the radial notch
* at the top of the two bones
radius vs ulna
radius is smaller and ulna is bigger
head
on the radius
neck
on the radius
radial tuberosity
lump at the top of the radius right below the neck
styloid process of radius
bottom bump of the radius
distal radioulnar joint
- same spot at the ulnar notch
* at the bottom of the two bones
unlar notch
divides the radius and the ulna at the bottom
styloid process of the ulna
small bump at the bottom of the ulna
head of the ulna
- actually at the bottom
* right above the styloid process of the ulna
interosseous membrane
kind if fabric connecting the radius and the ulna
coronoid process
smaller cavity just below the olecranon process on the ulna
trochlear notch
large cavity at the top of the ulna
olecranon process
big bulb at the top of the ulna
Carpus (wrist)
- 8 bones
Metacarpus (palm)
- 5 metacarpel bones
- bases articulate with the carpals
- heads articulate with the phalanges
phalanges (fingers)
- each hand contains 14 miniature long bones called phalanges
- each finger has three phalanges. Distal, middle and proximal
- thumb has no middle phalanx
thumb
pollex
distal middle and proximal of the fingers
distal - (distant end of your finger)
middle - middle bone
proximal - closest to palm
scaphoid
bottom right of cluster of bones (looking at top of hand)
lunate
bottom left of cluster of hand bones (looking from top)
trapezium
thumb bone in the cluster
trepezoid
index finger bone in the cluster
capitate
middle finger bone in cluster of bones in hand
hamate
both your ring and pinky finger bone in the cluster of bones in the hand
triquetral
bone in the far left in the cluster (bigger part)
pisiform
nob on top of the triquetral (smaller part)
Pelvic girdle (hips)
coxae, inominate
base of sacrum
cavity at the top of the sacrum
sacral promontory
rim around the cavity of the base of the sacrum
illium
big bone of the hip
illiac crest
rim around the illiac fossa
sacroilliac joint
rim around the outer part of the base of the sacrum
pelvic brim
rim on the inside of the illiac
ischial spine
smaller half rim right by the pelvic brim
acetabulum
hole below the illiac
pubic crest
arch right above the pubic symphysis
pubic symphysis
fabric looking things connecting the two sides of the hip bones
pubic arch
large arch at the bottom of the hips
- a larger arch indicates that it is female
- a smaller arch indicates a male
ischium
(ischium squishium)
* your sit bones
pubic bone
arches medial to the acetabulum
head of femur
rounded at the top
neck of femur
right below the head
fovea capitis
indentation on the head of the femur
greater trochanter
top of the crecent moon
lesser trochanter
bottom on the crecent moon
intertrochanteric crest
inside ridge of the crecent moon
intertrochanteric line
anterior view - line below the neck
gluteal tuberosity
small protruding line right below the cresent moon on the outer side
linea aspera
when the two line on the posterior view of the femur collide
medial and lateral supracondylar lines
when the single line divides again into two lines
lateral and medial condyles
two nobs at the bottom on the femur - posterior
intercondylar notch
between the lateral and medial condyles
lateral and medial epicondyles
sides of the bottom of the femur
adductor tubercle
small bump on the medial side of the femur directly above the medial epicondyle
patellar surface
bottom of the femur - anterior
obturator foramen
large foramen in the pelvis
ischial tuberosity
smaller circle right below the lesser sciatic notch - lateral hip bone
lesser sciatic notch
right above the ischial tuberosity
greater sciatic notch
above the ischial spine
ischial spine
between the lesser and greater sciatic notches
anterior superior iliac spine
curve right across and a little above the greater sciatic notch
fibula vs tibia
tibia is larger
fibula is smaller
intercondylar eminence
anterior - tiny little bump on top of the tibia
lateral and medial condyles
top of the tibia right and left sides
articular surfaces of lateral and medial condyles
small indentations on top of the tibia on both sides
tibial tuberosity
lump at the top of the tibia
proximal tibiofibular joint
line between the tibia and fibula at the top
anterior crest
anterior- line going down the tibia
lateral and medial melleous
lateral - very bottom of fibula
medial - bottom nub of the tibia
articular surface
bottom of the tibia
distal tibiofibular joint
divides fibula and the tibia at the bottom
foot
phalanges
metatarsals
tarsals
calcaneus
heels looking bone
talus
bone on top of the heel looking bone
cuboid
ring and pinky toe bone in cluster
lateral cuneiform
middle toe
intermediate cuneiform
second toe bone in cluster
medial cuneiform
big toe bone in cluster
navicular
big arch bone
arches of the foot
top- medial longitudinal arch
middle - transverse arch
bottom - lateral longitudinal arch
