Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
1
Q
What is the appendicular skeleton made up of?
A
- pectoral girdles
- upper limbs
- pelvic girdles
- lower limbs
2
Q
What are the pectoral girdles made up of?
A
- clavicle
- scapula
3
Q
What are the functions of the pectoral girdle?
A
- attach the upper limbs to the axial skeleton
- provide attachment points for many of the muscles that move the upper limbs
4
Q
What is the upper arm made up of?
A
- long bone, the humerus
5
Q
What is the forearm made up of?
A
- two parallel long bones:
- radius (outer bone)
- ulna (inner bone)
6
Q
How is the shoulder joint formed and what is it called?
A
- head of the humerus fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula at the shoulder
- forms a ball-and-socket joint
7
Q
How is the elbow joint formed and what is it called?
A
- radius and ulna articulate with the humerus to form the elbow joint
- elbow joint is known as a hinge joint
8
Q
What is the hand made up of?
A
- carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges
9
Q
What are the carpals?
A
The wrist bones
10
Q
What are the metacarpals?
A
The bones in the palm of the hand
11
Q
What is the thumb made up of?
A
2 phalanges
12
Q
What are the fingers made up of?
A
3 phalanges each
13
Q
What is the pelvic girdle made up of?
A
in childhood:
- ilium (hip bone)
- ischium (sitting bones)
- pubis
in adulthood:
- fuse to become coxal bones
14
Q
What are the functions of the pelvic girdle?
A
- attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton
- transmits the weight of the upper body to the lower limbs
- supports and protects the organs within the pelvic area
- provides attachment points for the muscles that move the lower limbs
15
Q
What are the lower limbs made up of?
A
- femur (thigh)
- patella (knee cap)
- tibia (shin bone)
- fibula (forms knob of ankle)
