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California Wines > Appellations > Flashcards

Appellations Flashcards

1
Q

What is Viticulture?

A

The growing of the grapes

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2
Q

What is Viniculture?

A

The making of the Wine

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3
Q

What is Wine?

A

Fermented grape juice containing varying percentages of alcohol

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4
Q

From what are Champagne and Sparkling Wines made?

A

Made from existing wines

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5
Q

What is the Fermentation Formula?

A

Water + Sugar + Yeast = Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide

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6
Q

Can Wine be made without additives?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Do grape skins contain natural yeast cells?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Is Fermentation natural?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What is the maximum alcohol percentage that can be produced from normal fermentation?

A

15-19%

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10
Q

Is it important to know a wine’s alcohol content?

A

Yes

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11
Q

The science of wine making is called…?

A

Enology

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12
Q

What is non-fermented grape juice called?

A

Must

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13
Q

Which grapes are crushed before fermentation and after fermentation

A

White are crushed before

Red are crushed after

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14
Q

Can you make a red wine from a white grape?

A

No

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15
Q

Can you make a white wine from a red grape?

A

Yes

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16
Q

The science of making barrels is called…?

A

Cooperage

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17
Q

Does Wine improve with age?

A

Some, about 3-5% of wines in the world.

Primarily, it is a myth

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18
Q

What is fining?

A

When colloidal matter is added to the wine.

Some wine makers skip this step

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19
Q

What is Cold Stabilization?

A

The wine is super chilled to where the tartrite crystals separate and fall to the bottom of the tank

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20
Q

What is the proper storage temperature for wine?

A

Approx. 55 Degrees

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21
Q

What is the proper humidity for wine storage?

A

60-75% humidity

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22
Q

What type of lighting is needed in wine storage?

A

Low lighting only when needed, no fluorescents

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23
Q

Should wine be refrigerated?

A

Only as needed

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24
Q

In Texas is it legal to marry two bottles of wine?

A

No, it is against the law

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25
Q

What is the most important aspect of wine presentation?

A

A Clean and Professional presentation

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26
Q

Who do you present the bottle of wine to?

A

The person who ordered it, unless instructed otherwise

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27
Q

When opening a bottle of wine, should you pop the cork?

A

No

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28
Q

What are the 5 S’s of Tasting?

A 
SEE the wine
SWIRL the wine
SMELL the wine
SIP the wine
SWALLOW or SPIT the wine
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29
Q

Where was the first successful winery located?

A

Cincinnati, OH

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30
Q

What was the first American Grape?

A

Catauba

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31
Q

What percentage of American Wine does California Produce?

A

90%

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32
Q

What does AVA stand for?

A

American Viticulture Area

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33
Q

What are the Requirements an area must meet in order to be an AVA?

A

1) At least 75% of grapes in the bottle must be the stated grape
2) At least 85% of the grapes must be from the same stated area. But if the individual vineyard is listed on the bottle, at least 95% of the grapes must be from that vineyard
3) If the vintage is listed, at least 95% of the grapes must be from that year

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34
Q

What was the first American AVA?

A

It was located in Augusta, Missouri

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35
Q

What is the formula used to find Degree Days?

A

(ADT - 50) x the number of Days = Degree Days

36
Q

What is a Degree Day?

A

The Length of time the temperature remains over 50 degrees between April 1st and October 31st

37
Q

How many Degree Days are in Region 1?

A

Up to 2,500

38
Q

What type of grapes are Region 1?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Riesling, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Gris

39
Q

How many Degree Days are in Region 2?

A

Between 2,501 and 3,000

40
Q

What type of grapes are Region 2?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot

41
Q

How many Degree Days are in Region 3?

A

Between 3,001 and 3,500

42
Q

What type of grapes are Region 3?

A

Zinfandel, Barbera, Syrah, Gamay

43
Q

How many degree days are in Region 4?

A

Between 3,501 and 4,000

44
Q

What type of grapes are Region 4?

A

Malvasia, Thompson Seedless

45
Q

How many degree days are in Region 5?

A

Over 4,000

46
Q

What type of grapes are Region 5?

A

Thompson Seedless, Desert Table

47
Q

Who founded Napa Valley?

A

The Wappo Indians

48
Q

Translated, what does Napa men?

A

“Land of Plenty”

49
Q

What are the top 4 states for American Wine Production?

A

1) California
2) Washington
3) New York
4) Oregon

50
Q

Where is the concord grape native to?

A

The East Coast of the United States

51
Q

In Oregon, what percentage of grapes must be from the stated AVA?

A

100%

52
Q

In Oregon, what percentage of grapes must be the stated varietal?

A

At least 90%

The only exception is Cabernet Sauvignon, which can be at least %75

53
Q

What is the name of the Roman God of Wine?

A

Bacchus

54
Q

What is Pliny the Elder’s significance to wine making?

A

He provided instructions on planting and tending more than 90 varieties of wine grapes

55
Q

What is the phylloxera?

A

A small, sap-sucking insect that feeds on roots and leaves. Native to the Eastern U.S.

56
Q

What were the biggest blows to the Wine Industry?

A

The two World Wars and Prohibition

57
Q

What is a French Appellation called?

A

AOC

58
Q

What are the two factors that influence grapes in a vineyard?

A

1) Environmental – all of the natural attributes of the vineyard site (climate, soil, drainage)
2) Cultural – all of the actions performed by the grower (pruning, trellising, selection of grape variety)

59
Q

Why are grapes are the preferred fruit for making wine?

A

Because of the natural characteristics it possesses that other berries and fruits do not (sugar, naturally occurring yeast)

60
Q

Is there a standardized method for naming and categorizing grape vines?

A

No

61
Q

What process did winemakers use to combat phylloxera?

A

Grafting

62
Q

What is the most fundamental aspect of any vineyard?

A

The ground in which it is planted

63
Q

What is a Macroclimate?

A

The broad weather conditions of a particular wine-growing region

64
Q

What is a Mesoclimate?

A

Local conditions that influence the weather in a particular vineyard or portion of a vineyard

65
Q

What is a Microclimate?

A

The climatic conditions around a particular vine

66
Q

What is vérasion?

A

The beginning of ripeness, grapes begin to swell and change color

67
Q

What is Fermentation?

A

The process of yeast converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide

68
Q

What is the Lees?

A

A layer of thick, mudlike material that settles at the bottom of a tank

69
Q

What is “sur lie” aging?

A

Aging wine on the lees after fermentation

70
Q

What is Bottle Shock?

A

The loss of fruity aromas and body after bottling

71
Q

What are Fortified Wines?

A

Wines that have had the addition of Brandy during processing and can be either sweet or dry

72
Q

What is Noble Rot?

A

A type of mold that can infect grapes

73
Q

Can grapes with Noble Rot still be used to make wine?

A

Yes, they are sometimes used in Dessert Wines

74
Q

What is a Terrior?

A

A vineyard’s total environment (soil, climate, and location)

75
Q

What is the system for rating wines that consumers are most familiar with?

A

Robert Parker’s 100 Point Scale

76
Q

What is Bottle Bouquet?

A

The aroma that develops as a wine gets older

77
Q

True or False:

Wine has been an integral part of the human experience for nearly 70 centuries.

A

True

78
Q

True or False:
Grape growing is by far the dominant agriculture in the Napa Valley with more the 45,000 acres being planted to wine grapes.

A

True

79
Q

True or False:

In the southern part of Napa, cool climate grape varieties such as Zinfandel and Syrah do best.

A

False

80
Q

True or False:

Sonoma lies directly to the East of Napa and is a much smaller grape growing region.

A

False

81
Q

True or False:

The most significant factor influencing the climate of Sonoma County is its proximity to the Pacific Ocean.

A

True

82
Q

What is Kevin Simon’s favorite definition of wine?

A

Something that invigorates or intoxicates

83
Q

True or False:
Most of the AVAs in Lake and Mendocino Counties are closer to the coast, hence, cooler climate regions growing mostly Region 1 grapes.

A

False

84
Q

True or False:

The two largest AVAs in Santa Barbara County are Santa Maria Valley and the Santa Ynez Valley

A

True

85
Q

True or False:
Carneros is an AVA in California that is located in both Sonoma and Napa Counties and has a reputation for growing warmer climate grapes like Zinfandel and Grenache.

A

False

California Wines (1 decks)

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