Appeals And fallacies Quiz Flashcards
Invalid syllogism
The subject of the minor premise is not a member of the group named first in the major premise
False premise
Both of the premises must be true in order for the conclusion to be true
Either/Or
An issue represented as only having two options
Circular reasoning (begin the question)
The premise is based on the conclusion when the conclusion hadn’t been proven true yet
Hasty generalization
Conclusion is drawn from insufficient data
False analogy
Offers the comparison (or analogy) as proof - just because they are similar in one way doesnt mean they have to be similar in another
Non sequiter (it doesnt follow)
Statement backed up by a fact that has no bearing
Slippery slope
Exaggerates the possibilities of consequences based on one small action
Post hoc
Assumes the first event is the cause of the second event
Ad hominem
Speaker chooses to attack the opponent rather than raise valid arguments
Appeal to false authority
Product or idea sold by a person who has no knowledge about the product
Strawperson
Speaker exaggerates opponents stance and then attacks it (attacks stance, not person)
Appeal to logos?
Syllogism and enthymeme
Appeal to pathos?
Rhetorical questions
Charged words
Anecdotes
Appeal to ethos
Knowledge on the subject
Passion for the topic
Trustworthiness towards the audience
Honesty and good character
Ex. Boys are more outspoken than girls
Hasty generalization
Ex. Taking a parenting class is as silly as reading a book on learning how to swim. You can only lean by doing
False analogy
The technology program is top notch because its the best
Circular reasoning
The British like to keep a stiff upper lip
Hasty generalization
Either your for us, or youre against us
Either/or
Nothing went right today, so of course, i didnt get a raise
Post hoc
Either you support building the new highway or not. A vote against us is a vote agains growth.
Either/or
Banning soda from school is like taking candy from a baby all children like candy, and who would want to hurt a child?
False analogy
I couldnt have failed the test, Im an A student!
False premise
Increasing offshore drilling for oil would lead to environmental disaster
Slippery slope
We cant listen to John’s opinions on global warming bc he’s a tree hugger
Ad hominem
