Apoptosis Flashcards

1
Q

nuc-1

A

Nuclease abnormal, DNA positive pyknotic bodies observed, mutant defective in DNA endonucleolytic activity

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2
Q

Ced-1 and ced-2

A

Cell death abnormal, defects in engulfment, ced1 encodes receptor on neighbouring cells, mutants used in subsequent mutant screens

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3
Q

Ced-3

A

LOF mutant -> all 131 cells fated to die survive, found homologous to interleukin 1B converting enzyme (ICE), caspase-1. Identified in ced-1 mutant screen - no cell corpses seen, therefore activity of CED3 is needed for PCD

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4
Q

Egl-1

A

Egg laying defective 1, GOF mutant, HSN neurons innervating vulva die, found to be a small BH3 only protein (proapoptotic)

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5
Q

Ced-3;egl-1 double mutant

A

HSN present as PCD not possible therefore egg laying restored, use of egl-1 mutant for suppressor screen suggested

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6
Q

Ced-4

A

Found in egg laying defect suppressor screen, similar phenotype to ced3; proapoptotic, similar to Apaf1

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7
Q

Ced-9

A

GOF mutation protects against PCD, first antiapoptotic protein found, involved in life or death decision, similar to Bcl-2, loss of function induces PCD

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8
Q

What does the misexpression of Bcl-2 cause.

A

Follicular lymphoma, B cells do not die, due to chromosomal translocation of chr14 and 18

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9
Q

What is the core pathway of PCD in c elegans

A

EGL1 -| CED-9 -| CED-4 -> CED-3 -> PCD

process can be reconstituted with only these 4 proteins

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10
Q

Can CED-3 alone cause processing of itself?

A

Yes but v slowly, active site cysteine mutant is totally inactive

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11
Q

What happens to the percentage of CED3 cleaved if we increase amount of CED4

A

Increases

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12
Q

What happens if we increase CED9

A

Blocks CED-3 in presence of CED-4

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13
Q

What does an increase in the BH3 only protein EGL-1 result in?

A

activates CED-3 by binding to CED-9 and preventing its interaction with CED-4, which can go off and cleave ced-3 zymogen

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14
Q

Physical interactions in PCD core pathway

A

EGL1 physically interacts with CED9
CED9 with CED4
CED4 with CED3

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15
Q

List the effector caspases

A

3, 7, 6

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16
Q

Initiator caspases

A

8, 9, 2, 10