APK Flashcards
MAJOR INTRACELLULAR CATIONS IS BALANCE INTRACELLULARY BY WHICH ANION? A. Cl- B. HCO3 C. HPO4 D. ORGANIC ANIONS E. Kmn04
C. HPO4
In a recent study conducted on phonophoresis, where hydrocortisone was prepared by blending hydrocortisone acetate with aquasonic gel, which of the following statement is true?
5 min of hyrdrocortisone phonoporesis with 10% hydrocortisone using continuous US at 1.0w/cm did not result in an increase in human serum cortisol level
Blood cells activated by antigen only when this is associated with another host cell A. B lymphocytes B. T-lymphocytes C. Eosinophils D. Neutrophils E. Basophils
B. T-lymphocytes
Suggested dimension for an extremity whirlpool in hydrotherapy area
7x8 ft.
Nutritional components necessary for proper erythrocyte formation and malnutrition A. all of these B. Riboflavin Vit B2 C. Iron and Folic Acid E. Iron
C. Iron and Folic Acid
Of the body water component the largest is occupied by the A. Transcellular fluid B. Intracellular fluid C. Plasma D. SC E. Interstitial Fluid
B. intracellular fluid
Vacuum compression therapy may be applied following whirlpool cleansing of the wound at these manufacturer prescribed settings to emphasize the vacuum phase of the cycle in an attempt to increase capillary filling
-0.10 bar (-75mmHg) of negative pressure for 90 secs followed by 0.05 bar (38.5mmHg) of positive pressure for 30 secs
This ligament accompanies the supraspinatus in preventing downward dislocation of the humeral head
Coracohumeral ligament
Rate of work performed at any given point
Energy
Decrease in RMP, making it more positive
DEPOLARIZATION
Increase in RMP, making it more negative
HYPERPOLARIZATION
Common origin of gracilis, adductor brevis and adductor magnus
INFERIOR RAMUS OF PUBIS
Vasomotor center
pons and medulla
A solution in water crystalloids and colloids
Plasma
Foot deformity where front part of foot does not touch the ground
Pes calcaneus
High arch foot
Pes cavus
True of the quads except
A. Small amount of quads activity if the the COG line passes behind the knee axis
B. There is no quads activity in (B) standing in most cases
C. Standing erect is still possible even with (B) quads paralysis even without braces
D. Keeping the knees slightly flexed minimizes knee collapse during postural sway
C. Standing erect is still possible even with (B) quads paralysis even without braces
Lobe is rostral to the central sulcus and above the lateral fissure
Frontal lobe
Elicits tenderness over a neuroma within a nn
Tinel sign
Flexes the knee into full extent and passively allows it to extend completely with sharp end points
bounce home test
Rapid exchange of (+) and (-) ions due to cells increase in permeability is termed
DEPOLARIZATION
The femoral head enters and leaves the acetabular
ORTOLANI CLICK
The following statements describe the lateral compartment of the knee, EXCEPT
a. Although the anterior cruciate ligament is an important stabilizer of the knee, whether to repair it after injury is controversial
b. Muscular support is provided by the iliotibial band and iliotibial tract
c. The tension on the bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament is altered as the knee moves from extension to flexion
d. The anterior third of the lateral capsule provides little static support
e. The insertion of the popliteus muscle reinforces the posterior third of the lateral capsular ligament
c. The tension on the bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament is altered as the knee moves from extension to flexion (FLEXION TO EXTENSION DAPAT)
The liver measures about __ of the body weight
1/5 of body wt.
The following are true of anterolateral rotator instability of the knee, EXCEPT
a. Refers to posterior subluxation of the medial tibial plate in an internal rotation direction
b. Commonly results from a chronic anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency associated with a lax lateral capsule
c. The compressive forces on the lateral compartment during weight bearing may cause a severely painful sensation of the knee’s slipping out of place
d. Less commonly, it can be a result of an acute tear of the lateral capsule
e. Described to be a reduction of the tibia upon the femur after subluxation which usually occurs when there is knee flexed from 10-20 degrees and when the iliotibial band lies anterior to the axis of knee rotation
A. REFERS TO POSTERIOR SUBLUXATION OF THE MEDIAL TIBIAL PLATE IN AN INTERNAL ROTATION DIRECTION
(SHOULD BE ANTERIOR SUBLUXATION OF THE LATERAL TIBIAL PLATE)
MARK ACTIAL LEVELS OF VERTEBRAL BODIES, THEY MAKE EXCELLENT REFERENCE PTS FROM WHICH TO IDENTIFY OTHER VERTEBRAE
L4 AND L5
CHARACTERISTICS OF FASCIOSCAPULOHUMERAL DYSTROPHY OF LANDOUZY AND DEJERINE ARE AS FOLLOWS EXCEPT
A. LORDOSIS IS EXAGGERATED
B. IT PROGRESSES QUICKLY, RESULTING IN DISABILITY YEARS AFTER ONSET
C. ATROPHY OF FACE BECOMES SEVERE
D. USUALLY APPEARS IN THE SECOND DECADE OF LIFE IN EITHER SEX
B. IT PROGRESSES QUICKLY, RESULTING IN DISABILITY YEARS AFTER ONSET
HIP REPAIR SURGICAL PROCEDURE INVOLVES REMOVAL OF A BONE WEDGE TO SHIFT WB STRESSES AWAY FROM DEGENERATED CARTILAGE ONTO HEALTHY CARTILAGE
DISPLACEMENT OSTEOTOMY
THE MIDDLE TRUNK IS FORMED BY THESE ROOTS
C6 AND C7
PRONATION AND SUPINATION OCCURS MAINLY ON
RADIOULNAR JT
CREASE AT THE BASE OF THE FINGERS AND MARKS LOCATION OF PROXIMAL PULLEY
PROXIMAL PALMAR CREASE
CAUDAL CONTINUATION OF THE PIA MATER
FILUM TERMINALE
TAPERED END
CONUS MEDULLARIS
HORSE TAIL
CAUDA EQUINA
THE FOLLOWING APPLY TO HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY EXCEPT
a. Administering 100% oxygen at pressures higher than three times of sea level can cause central nervous system toxicosis
b. Repeated treatment in a multiplace chamber may result in complication, i.e. pneumothorax, air embolism, CNS and pulmonary intoxicity (can’t find anything about this)
c. Provides as oxygen-rich environment to help destroy the anaerobic organism that cause gas gangrene
d. Increasing the barometric pressure inside the chamber result in ½ or 1/3 concentration
D. INCREASING THE BAROMETRIC PRESSURE INSIDE THE CHAMBER RESULT IN 1/2 OR 1/3 OF CONC. (SHOULD BE 2X/3X CONC)
The following statements apply to condylar fractures of the knee, EXCEPT
a. Usually, there is anterior displacement of the distal fragment caused by the muscular action of the gastrocnemius muscle as well as a reduction of the femoral length by the action of the hamstring and the quadriceps femoris muscle
b. Single condylar fracture often occur from severe varus or valgus forces and the fracture line may be vertical and in the sagittal plane or it may be vertical in coronary plane
c. Prolonged, rigid immobilization, is usually unnecessary, but full weight bearing is usually restricted during the three months following the injury
d. Supracondylar fractures may be caused by direct trauma or by a torsion stress placed upon the lower extremity
e. Femoral condyles are rarely injured and fractures of the femur may be of the “Y” or “T” type and usually include soft tissue damage
A. USUALLY THERE IS ANTERIOR DISPLACEMENT OF THE DISTAL FRAGMENT CAUSED BY THE MUSCULAR ACTION OF THE GASTROCS AS WELL AS REDUCTION OF THE FEMORAL LENGTH BY THE ACTION OF THE HAMSTRINGS AND QUADS FEMORIS.
*SHOULD BE POST DISPLACEMENT