API 570 Flashcards
API 574
Inspection practices for piping system components
API 574 doesn’t cover❓
Control valves
The refining industry generally uses what type piping for severe service ❓
Seamless and ERW
Piping normally made by rolling plates to size and welding the seams is larger than ❓ NPS.
16
Steel and alloy piping are manufactured to standard DIMENSIONS in normal pipe sizes up to❓
48”
Steel and alloy piping is manufactured to standard THICKNESS designated as schedules in nominal pipe sizes up to ❓ Inches.
36”
The actual thickness of seamless piping may vary from its nominal thickness by a manufacturing under tolerance of as much as ❓ %
12.5
Cast piping has thickness tolerance of + ❓ Inch and - ❓ Inch.
+1/16 and -0
For all nominal pipe sizes of ❓ Inches and smaller, the size refers to the nominal inside diameter.
12”
Under tolerance of welded pipe often used in refinery service is ?❓Inches.
.010
What type valve is normally used in a fully open or closed position❓
Gate valve
What type gate valves have body and port openings that are smaller than the valves’ end openings and should not be used as block valves associated with pressure relief devices❓
Reduced port gate valves
What is a globe valve used for❓
Regulate fluid flow
What are slide valves generally used for❓
Erosion or high- temperature service
What type of joint would you seldom use in process piping system❓
Bell and spigot
What type of pipe joint is generally limited to piping in non- critical service and has a nominal size of 2” or smaller ❓
Threaded joint
Socket welded joints are usually used in nominal pipe size of ❓ Or smaller.
2”
Most common found joint in petroleum industry❓
Butt welded joints
When piping is open for any reason:
It should be inspected internally
A greater loss in metal thickness will usually be observed near a change of flow direction, such as the outside radius of elbows. What usually causes this❓
High turbulence or high velocity
Stainless steel in the presence of moisture under insulation may crack because of the presence of❓
Chlorides
What type of prob would you expect in piping containing Amine❓
Stress corrosion cracking
Creep is dependent on three factors what are they❓
Time, stress, temperature
When looking for leaks, particular attention should be given to❓
Flanges or packing glands
Spring hanger loading should be checked under ❓
Both hot and cold conditions
The skin temp of an indicated hot spot should be measured by❓
Portable thermocouple, temperature indicating crayons, pyrometer
Close interval potential surveys are used to locate❓
Corrosion cells
When checking Austenitic materials for cracks using PT methods only liquid penetrants with ❓ Should be used.
Low or no chlorides
Bodies of valves that operate in severe cyclic temp service should be checked internally for❓
Cracks
Gate valves should be measured for thickness between the seats, since serious deterioration may have occurred because of ❓
Turbulence
Whenever valves are removed from service for overhaul or refurbished for reuse, what should be done next?
It should be inspected and tested in accordance with API 598
Welded joints in carbon steel and carbon molybdenum steel exposed to elevated temperatures of 800 degrees or over may be subject to❓
Graphitization
What type of pipe joint must not be used without adequate axial restraint in the piping❓
Clamp joint
For service testing of category D piping system B31.1 limits the gage pressure to ❓ Psi.
150
What systems would water be a questionable test medium❓
Acid lines, cryogenic systems and air drier systems
Preferred medium for a pneumatic test❓
Inert gas
❓are established limits for process variables that can affect the integrity of the piping system if the process operation deviates from the established limits for a predetermined amount of time.
Integrity operating envelope or window
API 2217A
Working in confined space
❓is the minimum thickness without corrosion allowance, based on structural and other loadings.
Structural minimum thickness
B-16.5 covers flanges through size NPS ❓
24”
B-16.47 covers the total range of larger flanges in size range NPS ❓
26”- 60”
A typical method for joining non metallic piping components is❓
Bell and spigot
API 574 recommends a tell tale hole of ❓” drilled from the OD to the ❓
1/8
Outer most periphery of the corrosion allowance
API 2201
Safe hot tapping
Who is responsible for MOC❓
Owner / user
Inspection plan shall be developed by❓
Inspector and engineer
A corrosion specialist shall be consulted if the system operates over❓degrees or systems that operate below the ❓
750 degrees
Ductile to brittle transition temp
RBI assessment shall be updated at least every❓
10 years
Radiographic profile is preferred for pipe ❓
NPS 1” and smaller
When mixing 2 streams complete mixing may not develop until ❓pipe diameters or more downstream.
100
❓is often the technique of choice for NPS 8 and under when localized corrosion is suspected.
PRT
Austenitic stainless steel should be hydro tested having a total chloride of less then ❓ppm.
50
For sensitized austenitic stainless ❓ should be considered for hydro testing.
Alkaline water
CUI in carbon and low alloy steels❓
More aggressive between❓
Austenitic stainless steel & duplex SS ❓
10-350 degrees
212-350 degrees
140- 400 degrees
MIC can survive in ph range❓
And temps❓
0 to 12
0-235 degrees
Stress corrosion cracking happens above ❓
140 degrees
Sulfidation of alloys begins above what temp❓
500 degrees
Film normal developing time is 5-8 mins at ❓degrees.
68 degrees
❓ is the most common type of UT scan.
A SCAN
Calibration standard should be within ❓ degrees of the part to be examined for UT.
25 degrees
3 parts to a weld❓
Weld metal
Base metal
HAZ
2 types of material test reports ❓
Heat & Product analysis
Austenitic SS with a min of ❓% to❓% ferrite prevents cracking.
5% - 20%
Class 150,300 pipe flanges have a raised face of ❓
.06
Class 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500
Pipe flanges face raised ❓
.25
WPS LIST❓
Essential, nonessential & supplementary variables
PQR list❓
Essential & supplementary variables
What is the earliest edition of section lX recognized by the current edition ❓
1962
In general, qualification on groove welds also qualifies a welder to make ❓
Fillet welds
When a tensile specimen breaks in the base metal outside of the weld or fusion line, the strength recorded may be ❓% below the specified tensile and be accepted.
5%
Guided bend specimens shall have no open defects in the weld exceeding❓
1/8”
The ❓ must certify the PQR as accurate.
Organization
The record of a welders performance test is called a❓
WPQ
WPQ list❓
Essential variables
P numbers are used to designate groups of❓
Base metals
What are the test used to qualify a normal WPS❓
Tensile & bend
Pits, grooves, gullies, waves, rounded holes & valleys exhibiting a directional pattern are characteristics of❓
Erosion and erosion corrosion
Erosion corrosion is best controlled by using ❓
More corrosion resistant alloys
API 571
Damage mechanism
What type of on stream inspection method can detect the loss of refractory on an operating unit❓
Infrared scan
What types of material are affected by mechanical fatigue cracking ❓
All engineering alloys are effected
A fatigue failure exhibits what type of fingerprint or appearance❓
A clam shell type fingerprint that has concentric rings called “ bench marks”
Best defense against mechanical fatigue ❓
Good design
What materials are effected most by atmospheric corrosion❓
Carbon, low alloy steels & copper alloyed aluminum
What is the atmospheric corrosion rate of carbon steel is exposed in a dry rural environment ❓
<1 mpy
What naturally occurring substance if it gets on equipment will cause accelerated corrosion ❓
Bird feces
On carbon and low alloy steels CUI damage often appears as ❓
Loose flaky scale
What type of corrosion is usually attributed to oxygen in boiler water condensate corrosion ❓
Pitting
Smooth grooving of pipe walls is an indication that ❓ is the causative agent.
Carson dioxide
Copper base alloys form sulfide at ❓ then carbon steel.
Lower temperatures
What alloying elements determine the resistance of an alloy to sulfidation ❓
Chrome
Sulfidation corrosion is most often in the form of❓
Uniform thinning
How can you best monitor the temperature of the equipment that is subject to sulfidation corrosion ❓
Tube skin thermocouples or Infrared thermography
Chloride stress corrosion cracking ( CI SCC ) is surface initiated cracks found in ❓
300 series SS and some nickel base alloys
The CI SCC surface cracks appear under the action of ❓
Tensile stress
The presence of what other element increases the propensity for CI SCC cracking❓
Oxygen
What percent of chlorides is safe for exposure to 300 series SS ❓
0%
SCC usually occurs at pH values above ❓
2
Nickel content of alloy above ❓% makes it highly resistant to SCC.
35%
What kinda of steel is not susceptible to SCC❓
Carbon
Caustic embrittlement is a form of❓that occurs in piping and equipment exposed to caustic, primarily adjacent non-PWHT’d welds.
SCC
Caustic stress corrosion or caustic embrittlement typically propagates ❓ to the weld in adjacent base metal but can also occur in the weld deposit or HAZ.
Parallel
What temp should be used for PWHT❓
1150 degrees
What method NDE is not effective for finding caustic embrittlement cracking when it is tight & scale filled❓
PT
Where is MIC most often found❓
Heat exchangers, piping In Contact with some soils, piping with stagnant or low flow
What is the appearance of MIC❓
Localized pitting under deposits or tubercles
What type of corrosion Involves an anode and cathode ❓
Galvanic corrosion
Exposure to high solution strength caustic can result in general corrosion of carbon steel above what temperature ❓
175
Corrosion damage from acidic sour water is typically found as❓
General thinning
Amine stress corrosion cracking detection is best preformed with❓
WFMPT or ACFM = alternating current field measurement
The shortest distance between the weld root and the face of a fillet weld is called❓
Actual throat
What type of carbon arc cutting process removes molten metal with a jet of air❓
Air carbon arc cutting
Arc blow is ❓ of an arc from its normal path because of magnetic forces.
Deflection
A fusion weld that is made without filler metal is called❓
Autogenous weld and is done with GTAW
If foreign solid material is entrapped in a weld (slag,flux, oxides, ect.) it is referred to as ❓
An inclusion
What is another common term for an image quality indicator❓
Penetrameter
A crack that runs approximately parallel to the weld axis is called❓
Longitudinal crack
Which NDE method is most acceptable for a lap joint❓
PT
What is the most capable NDE method for finding a discontinuity such as incomplete fusion in a joint ❓
UT
How would you control burn through❓
Use proper heat input
Who is responsible for establishing a written material verification program (PMI) ❓
Owner/user
API 578
Material verification
(ACFM) alternating current field measurement technique is ideal for inspecting❓
Nozzles, ring grooves, ground out areas
What is the max temperature that ACFM may be used❓
900 degrees
What power magnificent devices are recommended as aids to film interpretation and evaluation of radiographs❓
1.5X to 3X
How many cycles per second ( now known as Hz or hertz) is classified as being in the ultrasonic frequency range?
Greater than 20,000 Hz
What type of UT technique is used for thickness evaluation or to check for laminations ❓
Straight beam
The temp of the calibration standard should be within ❓ of the part to be examined.
25 degrees
How much will each pass of the transducer overlap the previous path during a weld scan❓
10%
What does AUT stand for ❓
Automated Ultrasonic Testing
How long, typically should a pressure test be held❓
30 mins
If a welder increases the amps what does this increase❓
Heat
The resistance of a material to plastic deformation by indentation is defined as❓
Hardness
How far on each side of the weld should preheat be maintained?
3”
Liquid flow rates in piping to be hit tapped shall be between ❓ feet per second and ❓feet per second.
1.3 - 4.0
What size electrode should be used on the first weld pass on a hot tap or an Inservice weld on piping or equipment less than 1/4 inch thick?
3/32 or smaller
PMI testing should be performed ❓that ensures that proper ally materials have been used.
At the point in time
An example of pressure containing component that makes up a fabrication piping system is❓
Weld cladding
Longitudinally welded alloy pipe should receive ❓PMI testing verification of the base and weld metal if you expect problems.
Random
API 580
Risk base analysis
Which of the following are examples of low alloy steels where historically the greatest number of non-conformances have occurred❓
9Cr- 1Mo
Examples of PMI test methods are❓
X-ray fluorescence
Optical spectroscopy
Lab chemical analysis
Who should calibrate PMI test equipment?
Personnel performing the PMI testing
A dark image of the “B” on a lighter background is❓
Acceptable
MT equipment that is equipped with an ammeter shall be verified❓
Each year
When using fluorescent particles, the examiner shall be In A darkened area for at least ❓minutes prior to performing the examinations.
5 mins
An MT field strength indicator is composed of ❓ low carbon steel pie sections, furnace brazed together.
8
What is the max prod spacing permitted when using the MT prod technique❓
8”
Certification of contaminants shall be obtained for all PT materials used on❓
Austenitic SS’s
How many total liquid penetrant techniques are listed in ASME V❓
6
Water washable penetrant shall be removed with a water spray not to exceed ❓ psi and ❓degrees.
50 psi and 110 degrees
For an MT prod technique the min amp of current for a section thickness of 1/2” is ❓
90-110 amps
All PT indications are to be evaluated in accordance with❓
The referencing code section
The ammeter on MT equipment shall not vary by more then ❓of full scale.
Plus or minus 10%
In accordance with section V, intensifying screens can be used only with ❓ film.
1
A film technique was used to make a radiograph. The minimum permitted density in area of Interest is❓
X-ray source ❓
- 0
1. 8
What is the required min size of the lead symbol “B” ❓
1/16” thick 1/2 tall
All MT exams will be conducted with sufficient overlap to assure an minimum of ❓coverage.
100%
The ❓ is responsible for examination equipment calibration records.
Organization
For measuring thin sections which type of search unit is generally used❓
Highly damped, high frequency
Which type of search unit may be used effectively with rough surfaces❓
Dual search unit
When measuring materials at high temps the readings are high by a factor of❓
1% per 100 degrees
The surface conditions to be examined must be ❓ prior to conducting a PT examination .
Clean for 1” on all sides of the area to be examined
PT testing can be performed between ❓degrees.
40-125 degrees
What type of discontinuity is MT method most sensitive to❓
Linear discontinuities perpendicular to the lines of flux
Densitometers shall be calibrated at least every ❓ days.
90
AC yokes must lift what❓
DC❓
10 pounds
40 pounds
Direct VT may usually be made when access is sufficient to place the eye within ❓ of the surface to be examined.
24 inches
All dial indicating gages shall be calibrated at least ❓ when in use.
Once a year
The soak time for a bubble test is at least ❓minutes.
15 mins
What class rating designation is covered by ASME B16.5❓
150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500
A flanged joint is composed of three inter-related components what are they❓
Flange, gasket & bolting
Flanged joints and flanged fittings may be subjected to a system hydrostatic test at a pressure of 1.5 times the 100 degree rating rounded to the❓
Next higher 25 psi increment
If the two flanges in a flanged joint do not have the same pressure temperature ratings, the rating of the joint at any temp is the ❓ of the two flange ratings at that temperature.
Lower
Flange ratings shall not be greater than the rating shown for ❓degrees.
-20 degrees
A temp above ❓degrees for class 150 and ❓degrees for all other class flanges may develop leaks.
400 & 750 degrees
❓temperature markings are required on flanges and flanged fittings.
No
The manufactures name or trademark ❓be applied to flange and flanged fittings.
Shall
Tongue and Groove and small male and female the gasket contact surface shall not exceed ❓roughness.
125 yin
Ring joint the side wall surface of gasket groove shall not exceed ❓ roughness.
63 yin
Other flange facings not a ( tongue & Groove , small Male & Female or ring joint ) gasket finish shall be ❓
125 - 250 yin
Are flanges required to be hydrostatically tested❓
No
When class 300 steel flanges are bolted to class 250 cast iron flanges, what gasket should be used ❓
Group No. la
Low strength bolting has a specified minimum yield strength of not more then❓
30 Ksi
To turn mm into inches
You divide the mm by ❓
25.4
Flange bolt holes shall be in multiples of❓
4
C to F formula ❓
C x 1.8 + 32 =F
API 570 covers❓
Inspection, repair, alteration and rerating procedures for metallic and fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) piping systems that have been in service
API 570❓be used as a substitute for the original construction requirements.
Shall not
API 574
Inspection practices for piping system components
API 579
Fitness for service
Optional piping systems and fluid services in 570❓
Hazardous fluid services below threshold limits, water, steam, boiler water feed & Category D fluid.
API 580 & 581
RBI & RBI METHODOLOGIES
❓ is responsible for piping system inspection program, Inspection frequencies & Maintenance of piping systems.
Owner / user
❓is responsible for implementing an effective MOC.
Owner / User
❓is responsible for creating, establishing and monitoring integrity operating windows (IOW’s).
Owner / User
Piping engineer is responsible to the ❓for activities involving design, engineering review, analysis or evaluation of piping systems covered by API 570.
Owner / User
Repair organization is responsible to❓and shall provide the materials, equipment, quality control and workmanship necessary to maintain and repair the piping system.
Owner / User
Who shall not be a required to be a Authorized piping inspector or employed by the owner / User but shall preform the required NDE in accordance with the job requirements❓
Examiners
A corrosion specialist shall be consulted when developing the inspection plans for piping systems that operate at temps above❓degrees and piping systems that operate below the ductile to brittle transition temperature.
750 degrees
When the owner/user chooses to conduct RBI assessment it shall Include a ❓of both the probability and consequence of failure.
Systematic evaluation
❓ shall be updated every 10 years, every time equipment is inspected, process change or hardware changes are made.
RBI assessment
API 571
Damage mechanisms
RT profile technique is preferred for pipe diameters of ❓and smaller and for locating areas to be measured in insulated systems or where non-uniform or localized corrosion is suspected.
NPS 1
When UT measurements are taken above ❓degrees procedures should be used that will result in accurate measurements.
150 degrees
API 570 was developed for the petroleum and chemical industries it may be used ❓
Where practical, for any piping system
API 570 ❓be used as a substitute for the original construction requirements.
Shall not
Which services is not specifically applicable in the API 570 ❓
Water, steam condensate and boiler feed water
When a piping system is declared to be ❓it has been decommissioned with no intention for future use.
Abandoned in place
MDMT
Minimum design metal temperature
Minimum required thickness is the thickness ❓the corrosion allowance.
Without
The Examiner ❓required to be certified.
Is not
Injection points subject to accelerated or localized corrosion may be treated as❓
Separate inspection circuits
A ❓shall be established for all piping systems within the scope of API 570. It shall be developed by the inspector and/or engineer.
Inspection plan
The recommend upstream limit of an injection point is a min of❓
Down stream❓
12” or 3 pipe diameters whichever is greater
Second change in flow direction past injection point or 25’ beyond the first change in flow direction whichever is less
What are the preferred methods of Inspecting injection points❓
Radiograph and/or ultrasonic
During periodic schedule inspections, more extensive inspection should be applied to an area beginning ❓” upstream of the injection nozzle and continuing for at least ❓pipe diameters downstream of the injection point.
12” 10 pipe diameters
Minimum thickness at each CML can be located by❓
Ultrasonic scanning or radiography
Where appropriate, thickness measurements should include measurements at each of ❓on pipe and fittings.
Four quadrants
Where should special attention be placed when taking thickness measurements of an elbow❓
The inside & outside radius
CML’s should be marked on Inspection drawings and on the❓to allow repetitive measurements.
Piping systems
Internal visual inspections are❓on piping unless it is large diameter transfer line, duct, catalyst line or other large diameter piping systems.
Not normally preformed
Who performs a thickness measurement inspection❓
The inspector or examiner
Qualified operating or maintenance personnel also may conduct external visual inspections, when❓
Acceptable to the inspector
Who would normally report vibrating or swaying piping to engineering or inspection personnel❓
Operating personnel
Min amount of CML’s on a piping circuit ❓
1
What Is usually the most accurate means for obtaining thickness measurements on installed pipe larger than 1” NPS❓
UT
Typical digital thickness gages may have trouble measuring thickness less then ❓”.
1/8”
If a lower pressure test is used ( lower than prescribed by code) only for tightness of piping systems the❓may designate the pressure.
Owner-user
The preferred medium for a pressure test is❓
Water
If a non-toxic hydrocarbon is used as the test medium the liquid flash point shall be at least ❓degrees.
120 degrees
Piping fabricated of or having components of 300 series stainless steel should be tested with❓
Steam condensate
For sensitized Austenitic stainless steel piping subject to polythionic stress corrosion cracking, consideration should be given to using ❓for pressure testing.
Alkaline water solution
When a pipe requires PWHT, when should the pressure test be performed ❓
After any heat treatment
Metal temperature should be maintained ❓above the MDMT for piping that is more than 2” thick.
2” or less❓
30 degrees
10 degrees
The test temperature for pressure test need not exceed❓
120 degrees
API 578
Material verification
Services that are essentially ❓and ❓are class 4.
Nonflammable & nontoxic
Who establishes Inspection Interval for thickness measurements, external visual inspections and for internal and supplemental Inspections.
Owner-user or inspector
First time external inspections for potential for potential corrosion under insulation on class 1 systems, the examination should include at least ❓ % of suspected areas and ❓% of all areas of damaged areas.
50, 75
Piping systems that are know to have a remaining life of over ❓ years or that are protected against external corrosion need not have insulation removed for the periodic external inspection.
10
For class 3 piping systems the examination for CUI should include at least ❓% of all suspect areas.
10
Small bore piping that is class 1 shall be inspected❓
To the same requirements as primary process piping
Inspection of small bore piping that is secondary and auxiliary is❓
Optional
Pressure relieving devices shall be tested and inspected at❓
Frequent enough intervals to make sure the PRD’s perform reliably in service
Max intervals for inspection of pressure relieving devices are ❓for typical process services and ❓for clean non-fouling and non-corrosive service.
5, 10
How long do you allow a new system to stay in service before you take your first thickness readings if you have no info from a similar system❓
3 months
API 579
Fitness for service
When making repairs and alterations to piping systems the principles of ❓or the code to which the piping system was built shall be followed.
API 570
Who approves all methods of design, execution, materials, welding procedures, examination, and testing of in-service piping❓
Inspector or the piping engineer, as appropriate.
Who must give approval for any on-stream welding❓
Owner user
A full encirclement welded split sleeve is considered a ❓repair.
Temporary
If a repair area is localized and the specified minimum yield strength of the pipe is not more than ❓psi, a temporary repair may be made by fillet welding a properly designed plate patch over the pitted area.
40,000 psi
Insert patches shall have rounded corners with ❓minimum radius’s.
1”
All repair and alterations welding to piping systems shall be done in accordance with ❓
ASME B31.3 or the code to which it was built
Preheating to not less than ❓ degrees may be considered as an alternative to PWHT.
300 degrees
Piping butt joints shall be ❓
Full pen groove welds
Fillet welded patches shall be designed by❓
Piping engineer
Pneumatic pressure test formula❓
1.1 x P
After welding is completed in a repair or alteration ❓in accordance with API 570 shall be performed if practical and deemed necessary by the inspector.
A pressure test
When are pressure test normally required❓
After alterations and major repairs
Special procedure in place of a pressure test after an alteration or repair may be done only after consultation with❓
Inspector and engineer
How can you detected corrosion cells where bare pipe contacts the soil ❓
Close interval potential survey
Catholically protected buried piping should be monitored
❓to assure adequate levels of protection.
Regularly
How often should above grade visual surveillance of buried pipeline ROW be made❓
6 month intervals
How often should poorly coated pipes with inconsistent cathodic protection have a pipe to soil potential survey made❓
Every 3 to 5 years
For piping buried in lengths greater than❓feet and not catholically protected, evaluations for soil corrosively should be performed at 5 year intervals.
100 feet
Buried piping Inspected periodically by excavation shall be inspected in lengths of ❓feet at one or more locations judged to be most susceptible to corrosion.
6 to 8 feet
If buried piping is contained inside a casing pipe the casing should be ❓
Inspected to see if water or soil has entered the casing
An alternative or supplement to inspection of buried piping is leak testing with liquid at a pressure at least ❓% greater than the maximum operating Pressure.
10%
Leak test for buried piping should be for a period of ❓hours.
8 hrs
Pump seal oil lines qualify as ❓
Auxiliary piping
Secondary process piping is small bore process piping less then or equal to❓”
NPS 2”
Small repair patches the diameter of the electrode should not exceed❓
5/32
The size of a repair patch should not exceed❓the pipe diameter.
1/2
Class 1 piping intervals of inspection.
Thickness❓
Visual external?❓
5 years on both
Class 2 intervals of inspection.
Thickness❓
Visual external❓
10 years & 5 years
Class 3 intervals of inspection.
Thickness❓
Visual external ❓
Both 10 years
Class 4 intervals of inspections.
Thickness❓
Visual external ❓
Optional on both
Injection points inspection intervals.
Thickness❓
Visual external ❓
Three years & By class 1,2,3,4 ect.
Recommend extent of CUI inspection following visual areas of damaged insulation & areas with susceptible temp ranges.
Class 1❓
Class 2❓
Class 3❓
Class 4❓
- 75-50%
- 50-33%
- 25-10%
- Optional
When pressure test will exceed the set pressure of the safety valve the valve should be ❓
Removed
Normally, thickness measurements are❓taken on valves in piping circuits.
Not routinely
Accessible flange faces should be examined for distortion and to determine the condition of❓
Gasket sealing surfaces
Fasteners should extend completely through their nuts. Any fastener failing to do so is considered acceptably engaged if the lack of complete engagement is not more then ❓thread.
1
Flanged joints that have been clamped and pumped with sealant should be checked for❓
Leakage at the bolts
Class 2 acids and caustics are ❓
On site
Class 3 acids and caustics are ❓
Off site
SBP that is secondary, class 1 shall be inspected to the same requirements as primary process piping. Inspection of class 2,3 secondary SBP is❓
Optional
Each equipment repair organization shall have a fully documented ❓
Quality assurance system
The inspection intervals for all pressure relieving devices is determined by the ❓
Inspector, engineer or other qualified individual
To get the t for the MAWP formula what is the formula ❓
T= ta-2( CR x years to next inspection )
❓may not be considered an alternative to to environmental cracking prevention.
Preheating
Preheating method in lieu of PWHT shall be limited to what materials ❓
P-No 1 Groups 1, 2 & 3
P-No 3 groups 1 & 2
The weld area shall be preheated and maintained at a min temp of 300F during welding. The 300F temperature should be checked to assure that❓” of the material or ❓times the material thickness ( whichever is greater ) on each side of the groove is maintained shall not exceed 600F.
4”
4 times
What type of valve is quarter turn and is spherical instead of tapered or cylindrical ❓
Ball valve
Regulatory requirements usually cover only those conditions that effect ❓
Safety and environmental concerns
The frequency and thoroughness of piping Inspections will range from❓where deterioration is extreme to ❓in non-corrosive services.
Often & extensive
Seldom & cursory
What type of defect would you expect to find at the bottom of a ring joint flange ❓
Cracks
A pressure test of in-service piping may function as a ❓
Leak test
New construction piping should meet the requirements of ❓as a minimum.
B-31.3
❓is thickness greater than the minimum required thickness that provides for early warning from which the future service life of the piping is managed through further inspection and remaining life assessment.
Minimum alert thickness
Expansion joints are devices used in piping to absorb dimensional changes caused by❓
Thermal expansion
When class 300 steel flanges are bolted to class 250 cast iron flanges, what gasket should be used❓
Group No. la
Water washable penetrant shall be removed with a❓
Water spray not to exceed 50 psi and 110 degrees
Densitimeters shall be calibrated with
Step wedge calibration film
The ammeter on MT equipment shall not vary by more than ❓of full scale.
Plus minus 10%
Intensifying screens can only be used with ❓
Type 1 film
Shins are made from ❓
Material which is radiographically similar to the base metal
Where should the letter B be placed in Xray?
On the back of the film holder
The ❓is responsible for examination equipment calibration records.
Organization
What are the essential indications of sensitivity for image quality of a radiograph❓
Display of the designated hole or wire of the IQI used
For measuring thin sections which type of search unit is generally used❓
Highly damped, high frequency
Penetrant testing can be preformed between what temps❓
40-125 degrees
What search unit may be used effectively with rough surfaces❓
Dual search units
Calibrating a UT instrument what’s the min number of blocks to be used❓
2
Densitometer shall be calibrated at least every ❓days.
90
The soak time for the bubble test is at least ❓mins.
15
All did indicating gages shall be calibrated at least ❓when in use.
Once a year
Visual examination the eye should be within ❓” of the surface.
24”
The intensity of the black light used shall be a min of?
1000 yW
Five typical discontinuities detectable by MT method❓
Cracks, laps, seams, cold shuts and laminations
Maintain the preheat at least the greater of ❓” or ❓”t” beyond each edge of the weld.
3” or 1.5 “t”
Cobalt 60 can be used on what thickness❓
Iridium❓
1.5” to 7”
.25” to 3”
The OD of pipe in high temperature service , temps above ❓degrees the inspector should measure the outside diameter of the piping to check for creep.
800 degrees
A form of corrosion that can occur at the junction of dissimilar metals❓
Galvanic Corrosion
PWHT at 1150 degrees for carbon steels is considered an effective prevention of what type cracking❓
Caustic stress corrosion cracking
What should a step wedge comparison film be verified against❓
Densitometer
When a valve body or closure pressure test are performed after servicing the valve, they should be conducted in accordance with?
API 598
During periodic schedule inspections of an injection point circuit a more extensive inspection is preformed. The inspector checks beginning with an area❓” upstream of the injection nozzle and he continues downstream for at least❓pipe diameters.
12”
10 pipe diameters
Dial Indicating pressure gages should have the dials graduated over a range of approximately double the intended max pressure but in no case less than ❓times that pressure.
1.5
