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APHY LO1-nerve tissue > APHY LO1-nerve tissue > Flashcards

APHY LO1-nerve tissue Flashcards

1
Q

CNS consists of

A

brain

spinal cord

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2
Q

PNS

A

connect CNS with body walls, cavities, organs, and extremeties
cranial nerves
spinal nerves
ganglia-masses of nervous tissue

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3
Q

sensory function

A

gathering environmental info by sensory receptors at ends of peripheral neurons

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4
Q

integrative function

A

info is brought together creating sensations (perceptions) adding to memory or helping to produce thoughts in the CNS

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5
Q

motor function

A

impulses that have specific effects on body parts called effectors

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6
Q

two types of effectors

A

muscles and glands

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7
Q

motor functions of the PNS

A

somatic nervous system(voluntary)

autonomic nervous system(unvoluntary)

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8
Q

autonomic nervous system

A 
sensory neurouns (relay info from autonomic sensory receptors; found in visceral organs)
motor neurons (send info from CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands)
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9
Q

2 branches on autonomic motor neurons

A

sympathetic nervous system - fight of flight

parasympathetic nervouse system - rest & digestion

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10
Q

neuron

A

has cell body and tubular processes calles nerve fibers

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11
Q

types of nerve fibers

A

axon

dendrites

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12
Q

dendrites

A

finction as neurons main receptor & transmits impulses to cell body

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13
Q

axons

A

single fiber extension from neuron of cell body to transmit inpulese away.
may be encased in lipid covering - myeline sheath

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14
Q

myeline sheath

A

white mater
cover axon and increase speed of nereve impulses
produced in schwan cells on PNS

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15
Q

nerolema

A

thin nucleus containing membrae that covers myelin sheath

only found surrounding the myelin sheath in the PNS

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16
Q

myelin sheath in CNS

A

produced by oligodendrocytes (type of neuroligical cell)

17
Q

oligodendrocytes

A

resposible for adding layers of myelin sheath around multiple axons at the same time.
DO NOT have neurolema (unable to naturally generate)

18
Q

types pf neurons

A

sensory (afferent)
interneurons (association)
motor (efferent)

19
Q

sensory (afferent) neurons

A

recieve info from sensory receptors
carry it from PNS toward CNS via cranial or spinal nerves
specialized nerve endings which respond to environmental stimuli

20
Q

interneurons (association) neurons

A

located in brain or spinal cord & form links between other neurons

1) sensory -> motor = reflex
2) carry impulse from sensory up spinal cord to brain
3) in thought patterens from one interneuron to another
4) carry impulse down spinal cord to motor neuron

21
Q

motor (efferent) neuron

A

carry info from CNS to effectors in PNS via cranial or spinal nerves
when stimulated by motor impulses, effectors will cause response.
muscle will contract - glands will secrete

22
Q

SAME

A 
Sensory = Afferent
Motor     = Efferent
23
Q

neurological cells CNS

A

structural support for neurons
insulating layers on myelin
phagocytize bacterial cells & cell debris
form cerebrospinal fluid
form innner linings that enclose spaces within the brain

24
Q

synaptic transmission

A

junction between two neurons - synapse

gap between two neurons - synaptic cleft

25
Q

process of nerve impulse

A

travels from axion of presynaptic neuron to dendrites or cell body of postsynaptic neuron.
synaptic knobs conatins synaptic vessicles which are stimulated to release nerotransmitter into synaptic cleft
for another impulse to be transmitted, nurotransmitter that was released needs to be removed

26
Q

neurotransmitter can be removed by

A

diffusing in synaptic cleft
decomposing enzymes in synaptic cleft removes it
reuptake(return) of neurotrasmitter to the presynaptic neuron

27
Q

nerves

A

many nerve fibers in a bundle
in CNS bundles of nereve fibers are TRACTS
SENSORY NEREVE- only afferent neurons
MOTOR NEREVE- only efferent neurons
most nreves contain BOTH and are called mixed

28
Q

nerve pathways

A

once change is detected, electrical impulse is generated

impulse goes to brain for interpretation and contiunues to effectors so response can be generated

29
Q

types of stiumuli

A 
mechanical -pin prick
chemical- tasting
thermal- change in temp
stretch- change in BP
sound- turning head toward noise
30
Q

complete afferent pathway

A

extends from receptor to brain
carries nerve impulses to spinal cord
interneuron carries impulse up spinal cord to brain

31
Q

complete efferent pathway

A

from brain to effector
interneuron from brain to appropriate level of spinal cord
then an efferent neuron from the cord to the effector

32
Q

pathway from receptor ro effector

A

SENSORY (afferent) - cell body outside
MOTOR (efferent) - cell body inside
INTERNEURONS - entore neron inside

33
Q

5 componesnt of reflex

A 
receptor
sensory neuron
interneuron
motor neuron
effector
34
Q

withdrawl reflex

A

3 neurons involved

APHY LO1-nerve tissue (1 decks)

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