APHuG Unit 1 Flashcards
reference maps
refer to for general information about places
ex. street, subway, and topographic
thematic maps
shows spatial aspects of information for a specific topic
ex. weather, population, density, and geology maps
absolute distance/direction
the precise spot where something is according to a system, direction: measured
ex. cardinal directions, N E S W, feet, miles, etc.
relative distance/direction
indicates the degree of nearness based on time or money
ex. it takes about 5 hours to get to downtown Nashville
map projections
Robinson- equally spaced but a little off in latitude and longitude
Mercatrator- longitude are equally spaced, not latitude, land masses seem larger, used for ships+navigation
geographic data
includes all information that can be tied down to a specific place
ex. coordinates such as longitude and latitude, names of places, land use, patterns, etc.
GIS
a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface
ex. layers of a cake, firefighters can use this in checking data such as, what area the fire is, how many people are there, nearby fire departments, etc.
Remote Sensing
gathers information from crafts above the Earth
ex. GPS uses satellites to help people navigate on Earth
Online Mapping and Visualization
the process of using the Internet to view, analyze, or share a visual representation of geospatial data in map form
ex. compilation and publication of websites
Census Data
process of collecting, compiling, and publishing data about the population and housing of a country or region
ex. The United States Census collects a wide range of data with a variety of topics such as gender, age, ethnicity, etc.
space
the physical gap between two things
ex. how actions at one point on Earth can affect conditions elsewhere
place
a unique location
ex. Humans have a strong sense of place or feelings associated with the distinctive characteristics of a place
distance decay
The farther away one place is from another the less interaction those two places have with one another
ex. less severe today because of technology connecting us, but someone from Austrailia might not speak American English when they come to America
time-space compression
reduction of the time it takes for something to get from one place to another
ex. in olden times people would use wagons which would take days but in modern times flights take only hours
sustainability
actions that provide immediate benefits while also preserving resources for future use
ex. using sustainable products such as makeup, or biodegradable products
land use
changing the Earth’s surface for a specific purpose
ex. Agricultural, Industrial, Commercial, etc.
environmental determinism
was used natural factors alone to determine the cultural attributes of human societies
ex. 5 toos, too hot, too cold, too wet, too dry, and too mountainous
possibilism
humans have choices and can harness technology to overcome environmental limitations
ex. rice can grow in mountainous areas, where people use a farming technique called terracing
regional scale
area that is larger than a single community or neighborhood, but smaller than an entire nation
ex. comparing life expectancy in Western Europe vs. Eastern Europe
local scale
area like a small town or neighborhood, smaller than the regional scale
ex. how many grocery stores are in a small town
patterns at different scales
analyzing different phenomena at different scales to see if patterns stay the same
processes at different scales
analyzing how processes work differently
region
core area where the defining characteristics is dominant
regional boundaries
transitional and overlapping
local analysis
analyzing local data
regional analysis
using a region to analyze a phenomena
global analysis
using the whole world to analyze a phenomena
