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Aphasia > Aphasia Classification > Flashcards

Aphasia Classification Flashcards

1
Q

What is aphasia:
an ? caused by ? characterized by an?

it is not the result of a?

affects all

not all affected to

often depends on

A

acquired communication disorder/brain damage/impairment of language modalities

sensory deficit, a general intellectual deficit, or a psychiatric disorder

language modalities

same degree

location and size

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2
Q

How does aphasia happen?
typically ? and in ?

common etiologies: 
-
-
-
-
-
A

focal lesions in language areas (or pathways that connect them)/ dominant side of brain (usually left hemisphere)

  • stoke (most common)
  • brain tumor
  • TBI
  • infection
  • degenerative disease
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3
Q

stroke:
known as

brain tissue is?

  • decreased blood supply ?
  • ?
A

CVA or brain attack

permanently destroyed or temporarily does not function due to:

  • ischemic stroke
  • hemorrhage
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4
Q

ischemic:

most ?
… in the brain

  1. thrombosis
  2. embolism
  3. Transient ischemic attack:
A

common type of stroke
-occluded blood vessel

  • narrowing or hardening of arterial wall
  • thrombotic material breaks off, stops blood flow upstream
  • temporary mini stroke (1-24 hours)
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5
Q

hemorrhagic:
.. in brain

  1. subarachnoid:
  2. intracerebral:
    a.
    b.
A

bleeding

-bleed between surface of cerebrum and skull

blood vessel in brain ruptures

a. cerebral aneurysm
b. arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

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6
Q

Risk factors:
a lipid profile is a blood test that measures amount of ?

excessive: 
.. lifestyle 
...
increased 
over the age of
A

cholesterol and fats called triglycerides in the blood

  • alcohol or drug consumption
  • sedentary
  • stress
  • cholesterol
  • 65
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7
Q 
Neoplasms: 
primary tumors: 
-brain tumor that originates 
-glioma: 
-develop in 
-astrocytoma: 
-glioblastoma:

meningiomas:
develop in
may be
cause ?

secondary (metastatic) tumors

  • tumor that ?
  • metastases to the ? are more common than primary tumors
A

in the brain

  • glial cells
  • benign, slow growing
  • malignant, rapidly growing
  • meninges
  • numerous and grow slowly
  • symptoms of brain compression
  • spread from another part of body to brain
  • nervous system
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8
Q

Neoplasms: mechanisms that cause CNS symptoms:

tumor ?

tumor and subsequent edema? causing ?

tumors in the third or fourth ventricle obstruct ? causing?

A

invades, irritates, and replaces normal tissue

  • compress normal tissue and blood vessels/ischemia
  • CSF pathways/hydrocephalus
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9
Q

TBI:
result of

… v…..

common causes:

A

external and forceful event

closed-head/penetrating head injury

falls, motor vehicle accidents, violent assault, being struck by an object

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10
Q

Brain infection:

may be:

can impact

some examples

A

viral, fungal, bacterial, parasitic

cognition, language, motor abilities

encephalitis
meningitis

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11
Q

Degenerative Diseases:

A

progressive, continued decline, non-acute

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12
Q

Impairment patterns of aphasia:
-aphasia is a complex language impairment with ?

identifying these patterns (and location of lesion) can:
help to
categorized aphasia into ? however rarely

A

patterns of relative strengths and weaknesses in language function

  • describe nature of aphasia
  • subtypes based/a perfect match
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13
Q

Traditional Classification Systems:
…/…

.. battery

…examination

A

fluent/nonfluent

western aphasia battery

boston diagnostic aphasia examination

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14
Q

Binary classification of aphasia:
-CVA in anterior branches of MCA=
CVA in posterior branches of MCA=

A

nonfluent aphasia

fluent aphasia

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15
Q

Fluency is ?

quantity of speech:

thematic elaboration: degree to which individual is inclined to ?

articulatory agility:

prosody:

adequacy and variety of ?

-

A

multi-dimensional

rate, phrase length

-initiate speech or elaborate on themes

ability and accuracy in producing motor aspects of speech

melodic line of speech

adequacy and variety of grammatical morphology and syntax

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16
Q

The BIG 4 primary parameters used in traditional classification:

1.
2.
3.
4.

reading and writing performance not used in traditional aphasia typing, however ?

A
  1. fluency
  2. auditory comprehension
  3. naming
  4. repetition

written language impairment almost always exists in aphasia

17
Q 
Broca's aphasia: 
speech and language characteristics: 
fluent or nonfluent
relatively intact 
impaired 
impaired 
....
often have ?
impaired

common co-occurences:

lesion localization: lesion involving ?

Vascular distribution:

A 
nonfluent
auditory comprehension 
naming (anomia) 
repetition 
agrammatic 
motor speech difficulties (dysarthria or apraxia of speech) 
reading and writing

right hemiparesis, right hemisensory loss, apraxia of speech (AOS)

broca’s area (inferior frontal gyrus) and surrounding areas

anterior branches of MCA

18
Q 
Wernicke's Aphasia 
speech and language characteristics: 
-fluent or nonfluent?
-impaired 
-impaired
-impaired
-impaired

associated signs:
possible
often no

-may involve

vascular distribution;

A

fluent speech (empty speech with paraphasias and neologisms)

  • comprehension
  • naming
  • repetition
  • reading and writing
  • right hemianopia
  • motor abnormalities
  • superior temporal gyrus
  • temporal and parietal lobes

-MCA and PCA

19
Q 
Conduction Aphasia: 
Speech and language characteristics: 
-fluent or nonfluent
-relatively intact 
-some 
-impaired
-some

associated signs:

lesion localization:
several lesion sights have been reported

Vascular distribution:

A 
fluent 
comprehension
naming trouble 
repetition 
reading and writing difficulties

right hemiparesis, right hemisensorfy loss, right hemianopia

  • in and around supra marginal gyrus in inferior parietal lobe is common
  • MCA;parietal branches of PCA

Aphasia (1 decks)

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