Aphasia Classification Flashcards
What is aphasia:
an ? caused by ? characterized by an?
it is not the result of a?
affects all
not all affected to
often depends on
acquired communication disorder/brain damage/impairment of language modalities
sensory deficit, a general intellectual deficit, or a psychiatric disorder
language modalities
same degree
location and size
How does aphasia happen?
typically ? and in ?
common etiologies: - - - - -
focal lesions in language areas (or pathways that connect them)/ dominant side of brain (usually left hemisphere)
- stoke (most common)
- brain tumor
- TBI
- infection
- degenerative disease
stroke:
known as
brain tissue is?
- decreased blood supply ?
- ?
CVA or brain attack
permanently destroyed or temporarily does not function due to:
- ischemic stroke
- hemorrhage
ischemic:
most ?
… in the brain
- thrombosis
- embolism
- Transient ischemic attack:
common type of stroke
-occluded blood vessel
- narrowing or hardening of arterial wall
- thrombotic material breaks off, stops blood flow upstream
- temporary mini stroke (1-24 hours)
hemorrhagic:
.. in brain
- subarachnoid:
- intracerebral:
a.
b.
bleeding
-bleed between surface of cerebrum and skull
blood vessel in brain ruptures
a. cerebral aneurysm
b. arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
Risk factors:
a lipid profile is a blood test that measures amount of ?
excessive: .. lifestyle ... increased over the age of
cholesterol and fats called triglycerides in the blood
- alcohol or drug consumption
- sedentary
- stress
- cholesterol
- 65
Neoplasms: primary tumors: -brain tumor that originates -glioma: -develop in -astrocytoma: -glioblastoma:
meningiomas:
develop in
may be
cause ?
secondary (metastatic) tumors
- tumor that ?
- metastases to the ? are more common than primary tumors
in the brain
- glial cells
- benign, slow growing
- malignant, rapidly growing
- meninges
- numerous and grow slowly
- symptoms of brain compression
- spread from another part of body to brain
- nervous system
Neoplasms: mechanisms that cause CNS symptoms:
tumor ?
tumor and subsequent edema? causing ?
tumors in the third or fourth ventricle obstruct ? causing?
invades, irritates, and replaces normal tissue
- compress normal tissue and blood vessels/ischemia
- CSF pathways/hydrocephalus
TBI:
result of
… v…..
common causes:
external and forceful event
closed-head/penetrating head injury
falls, motor vehicle accidents, violent assault, being struck by an object
Brain infection:
may be:
can impact
some examples
viral, fungal, bacterial, parasitic
cognition, language, motor abilities
encephalitis
meningitis
Degenerative Diseases:
progressive, continued decline, non-acute
Impairment patterns of aphasia:
-aphasia is a complex language impairment with ?
identifying these patterns (and location of lesion) can:
help to
categorized aphasia into ? however rarely
patterns of relative strengths and weaknesses in language function
- describe nature of aphasia
- subtypes based/a perfect match
Traditional Classification Systems:
…/…
.. battery
…examination
fluent/nonfluent
western aphasia battery
boston diagnostic aphasia examination
Binary classification of aphasia:
-CVA in anterior branches of MCA=
CVA in posterior branches of MCA=
nonfluent aphasia
fluent aphasia
Fluency is ?
quantity of speech:
thematic elaboration: degree to which individual is inclined to ?
articulatory agility:
prosody:
adequacy and variety of ?
-
multi-dimensional
rate, phrase length
-initiate speech or elaborate on themes
ability and accuracy in producing motor aspects of speech
melodic line of speech
adequacy and variety of grammatical morphology and syntax
The BIG 4 primary parameters used in traditional classification:
1.
2.
3.
4.
reading and writing performance not used in traditional aphasia typing, however ?
- fluency
- auditory comprehension
- naming
- repetition
written language impairment almost always exists in aphasia
Broca's aphasia: speech and language characteristics: fluent or nonfluent relatively intact impaired impaired .... often have ? impaired
common co-occurences:
lesion localization: lesion involving ?
Vascular distribution:
nonfluent auditory comprehension naming (anomia) repetition agrammatic motor speech difficulties (dysarthria or apraxia of speech) reading and writing
right hemiparesis, right hemisensory loss, apraxia of speech (AOS)
broca’s area (inferior frontal gyrus) and surrounding areas
anterior branches of MCA
Wernicke's Aphasia speech and language characteristics: -fluent or nonfluent? -impaired -impaired -impaired -impaired
associated signs:
possible
often no
-may involve
vascular distribution;
fluent speech (empty speech with paraphasias and neologisms)
- comprehension
- naming
- repetition
- reading and writing
- right hemianopia
- motor abnormalities
- superior temporal gyrus
- temporal and parietal lobes
-MCA and PCA
Conduction Aphasia: Speech and language characteristics: -fluent or nonfluent -relatively intact -some -impaired -some
associated signs:
lesion localization:
several lesion sights have been reported
Vascular distribution:
fluent comprehension naming trouble repetition reading and writing difficulties
right hemiparesis, right hemisensorfy loss, right hemianopia
- in and around supra marginal gyrus in inferior parietal lobe is common
- MCA;parietal branches of PCA
