APH Flashcards
1
Q
APH definition
A
Bleeding from or in the genital tract occurring from 24 weeks of pregnancy and prior to the birth of the baby
2
Q
Causes of APH
A
Praevia
Abruption
Local causes (bleeding from vulva, vagina, and cervix)
3
Q
Risk factors for abruption
A
PET FGR Non-vertex presentations Polyhydramnios Advanced maternal age Multiparity Low BMI Preg from ART Intrauterine infection PROM Abdo trauma Smoking Drug misuse (cocaine, amphetamines) Bleeding in the first trimester Maternal thrombophlias
4
Q
Maternal complications of APH
A
Anaemia Infection Shock Renal tubular necrosis Consumptive coagulopathy PPH Prolonged hospital stay Psychological sequelae Complications of blood transfusion
5
Q
Fetal complications of APH
A
Hypoxia
SGA/FGR
Prematurity
Fetal death
6
Q
Important history points for APH
A
Pain w bleeding Risk factors for abruption/praevia FMs SROM Cervical smear history
7
Q
Exam findings APH
A
SNT uterus: lower genital tract cause or bleeding from placenta or vasa praevia
Spec exam
VE if excluded praevia
8
Q
Invx for APH
A
Kleihauer in Rh- women FBC, cosy, 4 units cross matched U/Es and LFTs in major haem Minor haem: FBC + G&S USS to confirm placentation CTG
