APGOV.Ch.6.Jazmin.Castellanos

Question 1

bicameral legislature

Answer 1

a two-house legislature

- The U.S Congress is an example of bicameral, with the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Question 2

apportionment

Answer 2

the process of allotting congressional seats to each state according to its proportion of the population, following the decennial census
- The system of apportionment and the franchise qualifications were worked out to meet the needs of a group of agricultural communities.

Question 3

bill

Answer 3

a proposed law

- Each bill represents something important we should all follow.

Question 4

impeachment

Answer 4

the power delegated to the House of Representatives in the Constitution to charge the president, vice president, or other “civil officers”, including federal judges, with “‘Treason, Bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.” This is the first step to the constitutional process of removing government officials from office
- If there is enough evidence president Trump is caught in lies, we can impeach him and he will no longer be our president.

Question 5

Edmund Burke

Answer 5

conservative british political philosopher of the eighteenth century who articulated the view that elected representatives should act as “trustees” and use their own best judgement when voting
- Edmund Burke was an Irish statesman born in Dublin, as well as an author, orator, political theorist and philosophe.

Question 6

trustee

Answer 6

role played by an elected representative who listens to constituents’ opinions and then uses his or her best judgement to make a final decision
- The Government stepped in and appointed a mixed commission of Germans, which should administer the affairs of this country like a trustee for a person incapable of volition.

Question 7

delegate

Answer 7

role played by a representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to congress or a representative to the party convention
- A delegate must be a member of the association.

Question 8

politico

Answer 8

an elected representative who acts as a trustee or as a delegate, depending on the issue
- Since I managed my friends campaign at school, I was considered a politico.

Question 9

incumbency

Answer 9

already holding an office

- Upon the duty incumbent upon all thinkers to investigate for themselves rather than to accept the authority of others.

Question 10

redistricting

Answer 10

the process of redrawing congressional districts to reflect increases or decreases in seats allotted to the states, as well as population shifts within a state
- In most states, the state legislature has primary control of the redistricting process.

Question 11

gerrymandering

Answer 11

the drawing of congressional districts to produce a particular electoral outcome without regard to the shape of the district
- The group that can gerrymander districts will have the opportunity to earn the most congressional seats.

Question 12

majority party

Answer 12

the political party in each house of congress with the most members
- The committee chairman is the longest-serving member of the majority party.

Question 13

minority party

Answer 13

the political party in each house of congress with the second most members
- Their legislative actions also affect the chances of their political party to remain a majority or minority party within the legislature.

Question 14

party caucus

Answer 14

a formal gathering of all party members

- There is a party caucus atleast once a year.

Question 15

majority leader

Answer 15

the head of the party controlling the most seats in the house of representatives or the senate; is second in authority to the speaker of the house and in the senate is regarded as its most powerful member
- The majority leader has a big role with conferences.

Question 16

minority leader

Answer 16

the head of the party with the second highest number of elected representatives in the house of representatives or the senate
- The minority leader and majority leader both have big roles in the house just different duties.

Question 17

whip

Answer 17

party leader who keeps close contact with all members of his or her party, takes vote counts on key legislation, prepares summaries of bills, and acts as a communications link within a party
- the whip is usually focused on speaking to all parties.

Question 18

president pro tempore

Answer 18

the official chair of the senate; usually the most senior member of the majority party
Whoever has been in the office the longest will be on the president pro tempore.

Question 19

standing committee

Answer 19

committee to which proposed bills are referred; continues from one congress to the next
- The standing committee usually looks through all bills before being accepted.

Question 20

joint committee

Answer 20

standing committee that includes members from both houses of congress set up to conduct investigations or special studies
- He was chairman of the important joint committee on the conduct of the war.

Question 21

conference committee

Answer 21

special joint committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the house and senate
- A conference committee of both houses is made up of 20 members.

Question 22

select committee

Answer 22

temporary committee appointed for a specific purpose

- She is a member of the Commons Select Committee on education.

Question 23

Hillary Clinton

Answer 23

first female major party candidate for president of the united states, a democrat, who ran against president donald trump in 2016, secretary of state from 2009 to 2013; new york senator from 2001 to 2009; former first lady
- Hillary Clinton is the cool, radical feminist with an independent mind.

Question 24

House Committee on Rules

Answer 24

the influential “rules committee” determines the scheduling and conditions, such as length of debate and type of allowable amendments, for all bills in the house of representatives
- The House Committee on Rules will make sure everyone runs smoothly in a conference.

Question 25

discharge petition

Answer 25

petition that given a majority of the house of representatives the authority to bring an issue to the floor in the face of committee inaction
- These same Democrats should now be willing to sign the discharge petition.

Question 26

seniority

Answer 26

time of continuous service on a committee

- The rest of the seats are filled up, as a vacancy occurs, according to seniority of consecration.

Question 27

markup

Answer 27

a session in which committee members offer changes to a bill before it goes to the floor
- The committee will markup a bill to make sure it is perfect for everyone before it being exposed.

Question 28

committee of the whole

Answer 28

a procedure that allows the house of representatives to deliberate with a lower quorum and to expedite consideration and amendment of a bill
- Committee of the whole has a lot of say so to a bill.

Question 29

hold

Answer 29

a procedure by which a senator asks to be informed before a particular bill or nomination is brought to the floor. this request signals leadership that a member may have objections to the bill and should be consulted before further action is taken
- They will hold the bill until they have every person agree on it.

Question 30

filibuster

Answer 30

a formal way of halting senate action on a bill by means of long speeches or unlimited debate
- Filibuster is usually done behind doors when the bill is not satisfying to everyone.

Question 31

cloture

Answer 31

mechanism requiring the vote of sixty senators to cut off debate
- The cloture ended the debate when everyone has said enough opinions.

Question 32

veto

Answer 32

the formal, constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of congress, thus preventing them from becoming law without further congressional action
- The president did veto the bill because he did not agree with it.

Question 33

pocket veto

Answer 33

if congress adjourns during the ten days the president has to consider a bill passed by both houses of congress, the bill is considered vetoed without the president’s signature
- Pocket veto is a bill that the president usually does not agree with it.

Question 34

richard m. nixon

Answer 34

the 37th president, a republican, who served from 1969-1974. nixon advocated detente during the cold war and resigned rather than face impeachment and likely removal from office due to the watergate scandal
- Richard M. Nixon is known for corruption and the Watergate scandal which resulted in the public losing trust in him and his resignation.

Question 35

congressional budget act of 1974

Answer 35

act that established the congressional action on the annual budget resolution, appropriations, reconciliation, and any other revenue bills
- The bill overhauled the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, which had been intended to assist Congress in its appropriations role by requiring the President to submit an annual budget.

Question 36

reconciliation

Answer 36

a procedure that allows consideration of controversial issues affecting the budget by limiting debate to 20 hours, thereby ending threat of a filibuster
- Reconciliation has been helpful when debates can go on for hours.

Question 37

pork

Answer 37

legislation that allows representatives to bring money and jobs to their districts in the form of public works, programs, military bases, or other programs
- The pork is very useful for people who would like to work for the government.

Question 38

programmatic requests

Answer 38

federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional district. also referred to as earmarks
- Programmatic requests is a special type of funding.

Question 39

divided governments

Answer 39

the political condition in which different political parties control the presidency and at least one house of congress
- Divided government describes a situation in which one party controls the executive branch while another party controls one or both houses of the legislative branch.

Question 40

war powers resolution

Answer 40

passed by congress in 1973; the president is limited in the deployment of troops overseas to a 60 day period in peacetime unless congress explicitly gives its approval for a longer period
- This was passed in 1973 by both Houses of Congress, overriding the veto of President Nixon. It was passed to reassert Congressional authority over the decision to send American troops to war.

Question 41

congressional review

Answer 41

a process whereby congress can nullify agency regulations within a 60 day window by passing a joint resolution of legislation disapproval. the presidents approval of the resolution or a two-thirds majority vote in both houses to overrule a presidential veto is also required
- This means of an expedited legislative process, new federal regulations issued by government agencies and, by passage of a joint resolution, to overrule a regulation.

Question 42

senatorial courtesy

Answer 42

a process by which presidents generally allow senators from the state in which a judicial vacancy occurs to block a nomination by simply registering their objection
- The practice of senatorial courtesy plays an important role in the appointments of official positions, and has the power to make or break a nomination.

Question 43

unified government

Answer 43

the political condition in which the same political party controls the presidency and congress
- He believed that the tribe was vulnerable without a unified government.

Question 44

logrolling

Answer 44

vote trading; voting to support a colleagues bill in return for a promise of future support
- Logrolling occurs when each of two people agree to vote for the other’s project to ensure that both are passed.

Question 45

congressional research service

Answer 45

created in 1914, the non partisan crs provides information, studies, and research in support of the work of congress, and prepares summaries and tracks the progress of all bill
- Congressional research service provides policy and legal analysis to committees and Members of both the House and Senate.

Question 46

government accountability office

Answer 46

established in 1921, the gao is an independent regulatory agency for the purpose of auditing the financial expenditures of the executive branch and federal agencies; until 2004, the gao was known as the general accounting office
- Government accountability office investigatives services for the United States Congress

Question 47

congressional budget office

Answer 47

created in 1973, the cbo provides congress with evaluations of the potential economic effects of proposed spending policies and also analyzes the presidents budget and economic projections
- The congressional budget office reviews the president’s annual budget.