APGOVCh.2.Andrea.Cuadros

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

1789-1795 was a founding father of the united states of America one of the most influential interpreters and promoters of the constitution the founder of the national financial system, and 1st American of the political party. establish the national bank.

Question 2

Anti-Federalists

Answer 2

Opposed to a strong central government; saw undemocratic tendencies in the Constitution and insisted on the inclusion of the Bill of Rights. Included Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and Patrick Henry.

Question 3

Article I

Answer 3

the U.S. Congress makes the laws for the United States. Congress has two parts, called “Houses,” the House of Representatives and the Senate. (legislative branch)

Question 4

Article II

Answer 4

the President, Vice-President, Cabinet, and Departments under the Cabinet Secretaries carry out the laws made by Congress. (executive branch)

Question 5

Article III

Answer 5

the Supreme Court decides court cases according to US Constitution. The courts under the Supreme Court decide criminal and civil court cases according to the correct federal, state, and local laws. (judicial branch)

Question 6

Article IV

Answer 6

States have the power to make and carry out their own laws. (states powers)

Question 7

Article V

Answer 7

The Constitution can be changed. New amendments can be added to the US Constitution with the approval of a two-thirds vote in each house of Congress (967,281) and three-fourth vote by the states (38). (Amendments)

Question 8

Article VI

Answer 8

The Constitution and federal laws are higher than state and local laws. All laws must agree with the US Constitution. (federal powers)

Question 9

Articles of Confederation

Answer 9

1781-1789 was an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the united states as a confederation served as its 1st constitution. each state agreed to the form of government described in articles of confederation.

Question 10

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 10

American public official, writer, scientist, and printer. After the success of his Poor Richard’s Almanac (1732-1757), he entered politics and played a major part in the American Revolution. He negotiated French support for the colonists, signed the Treaty of Paris (1783), and helped draft the Constitution (1787-1789). His numerous scientific and practical innovations include the lightning rod, bifocal spectacles, and a stove.

Question 11

Bill of Rights

Answer 11

The first ten amendments, or additions, to the Constitution which give people important rights such as freedom of speech

Question 12

checks and balances

Answer 12

Constitutionally mandated structure that gives each of the three branches of government some degree of oversight and control over the actions of others

Question 13

common sense

Answer 13

a pamphlet was written by Thomas Paine that challenged the authority of the British government to govern the colonies

Question 14

constitution

Answer 14

A document establishing the structure, functions, and limitations of a government

Question 15

constitutional convention

Answer 15

The meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that was first intended to revise the articles of confederation but produced an entirely new document, the U.S. Constitution

Question 16

crispus attacks

Answer 16

An African American and first American to die in what became known as the Boston massacre.

Question 17

critical period

Answer 17

the chaotic period from 1781 to 1789 after the American revolution during which the former colonies were governed under the articles of confederation

Question 18

declaration of independence

Answer 18

a document drafted largely by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 that proclaimed the right of the American colonies to separate from Great Britain

Question 19

electoral college

Answer 19

The system established by the constitution through which the president is chosen by electors from each state, which has as many electoral votes as it has members of Congress

Question 20

Enumerated Powers

Answer 20

the powers of the national government specifically granted to Congress in Article I, section 8 of the constitution

Question 21

federalism

Answer 21

the distribution of constitutional authority between state governments and the national government, with different powers and functions exercised by both

Question 22

federalists

Answer 22

those who favored strong state governments and weak national government; opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution

Question 23

the federalist papers

Answer 23

a series of eighty-five political essays written by Alexander Hamilton, james Madison and John Jay in support of ratification of the constitution

Question 24

first continental congress

Answer 24

meeting held in Philadelphia from September 5 to October 26, 1774, in which fifty-six delegates adopted a resolution in opposition to the coercive acts

Question 25

French and Indian war

Answer 25

the American phase of that was caked the seven years war, fought from 1754 to 1763 between Britain and France with Indian allies

Question 26

full faith and credit clause

Answer 26

section of article IV of the constitution that ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state

Question 27

George Washington

Answer 27

widely considered “the father of the nation”, he was the commander of the revolutionary armies; served as the presiding officer of the constitutional convention; and as the first president of the U.S.

Question 28

Great Compromise

Answer 28

the final decision of the constitutional convention to create a two-house legislature, with the lower house elected by the people and powers divided between the two houses

Question 29

implied powers

Answer 29

the powers of the national government derived from the enumerated powers and the necessary and proper clause

Question 30

inherent powers

Answer 30

powers that belong to the president because they can be inferred from the constitution

Question 31

james madison

Answer 31

a key framer often called “ the father of the constitution” for his role in conceptualizing the federal government. co-authored the federalist papers

Question 32

john jay

Answer 32

a member of the founding generation who was the first chief justice of the united states. a diplomat and co-author of the federalist papers

Question 33

lexington and concord

Answer 33

the first sites of armed conflict between revolutionaries and British soldiers remembered for the “shot heard round the world” in 1775

Question 34

mercantilism

Answer 34

an economic theory designed o increase a nations wealth through the development of commercial industry and a favorable balance of trade

Question 35

montesquieu

Answer 35

The French Baron and political theorist who first articulated the concept of separation of powers with checks and balances

Question 36

necessary and proper clause

Answer 36

the final paragraph of article I, section 8, of the constitution, which gives Congress the authority to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the constitution

Question 37

new jersey plan

Answer 37

a framework for the constitution proposed by a roup of small states;it called for a noe huse legislature with one voter for each state, a congress with the ability to raise revenue, anda supreme court appointed for life

Question 38

new world

Answer 38

the western hemisphere of the earth also called the Americas, which was unknown to Europeans before 1492

Question 39

political culture

Answer 39

commonly shared attitudes, behaviors, and core values about how government should operate

Question 40

samuel adams

Answer 40

cousin of president John Adams and an early leader against the British and loyalist oppressors; he played a key role in developing the committees of correspondence

Question 41

second continental congress

Answer 41

meeting that covered

Question 42

separation of powers

Answer 42

a way of dividing the power of government among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, each staffed separately, with equality and independence of each branch ensured by the constitution

Question 43

shays rebellion

Answer 43

a rebellion in which an army of 1,500 disgruntled and angry farmers led by Daniel Shays marched to Springfield, Massachusetts, and forcibly restrained the state court from foreclosing mortgages on their farms.

Question 44

social contract theory

Answer 44

the belief that governments exist based on the consent of the governed

Question 45

sons and daughters of liberty

Answer 45

male and female organizations that enforced the nonimportation agreements, sometimes by coercive means

Question 46

stamp act congress

Answer 46

The Congress asked the king to get rid of the taxes, said that Parliament didn’t have the right to tax them, and said that admiralty courts were unfair.

Question 47

supremacy clause

Answer 47

The clause in United States Constitution’s Article VI, stating that all laws made furthering the Constitution and all treaties made under the authority of the United States are the “supreme law of the land.”

Question 48

thomas Jefferson

Answer 48

principle drafter of the declaration of independence; second vice president of the U.S.

Question 49

thomas paine

Answer 49

the writer of common sense, a pamphlet that challenged the authority of the British government to govern

Question 50

three- fifths compromise

Answer 50

A compromise where every 5 enslaved people counted as 3 in the states population.

Question 51

virginia plan

Answer 51

a propsed framework for the constitution favoring large states. it called for a bicameral legislature, which would appoint exevutive and judicial offers