apes test - aquatic

Question 1

Anthropogenic activity has damaged coral reefs via…

Answer 1

Increasing ocean temperatures
Sediment runoff
Destructive fishing practices
Ocean acidification

Question 2

how do oil spills affect ecosystems?

Answer 2

Organisms can die from the hydrocarbons in oil.
Oil that floats on the surface of water can coat the feathers of birds and fur of marine mammals.
Some components of oil can sink to the ocean floor, killing some bottom-dwelling organisms.
Oil that washes up on the beach can have economic consequences on the fishing and tourism industries.

Question 3

what do poor agricultural practices lead to?

Answer 3

Poor agricultural practices and fertilizer runoff can lead to oceanic dead zones via eutrophication.

Question 4

Eutrophic

Answer 4

rich in nutrients

Question 5

Eutrophication:

Answer 5

occurs when a body of water is excessively enriched in nutrients, typically due to organic runoff

Question 6

Hypoxic

Answer 6

: having too little oxygen

Question 7

Hypoxic zones

Answer 7

, sometimes called dead zones, are unable to sustain life due to their low levels of dissolved oxygen.

Question 8

Oligotrophic

Answer 8

relatively low in plant nutrients and containing abundant oxygen in the deeper parts.

Question 9

POPS

Answer 9

are long-lasting, carbon-based pollutants.
They do not easily break down in the environment
They are fat soluble in living organisms
Ex: DDT, PCBs

Question 10

examples of POPs
DDT
PCBS
BPA
dioxins

Answer 10

DDT - insecticide now banned in the US
PCBs - plastic/paint additives now banned in the US
BPA - plastic additive being phased out in the US
Dioxins - come from fertilizers and combustion of waste

Question 11

how can POPs be transported

Answer 11

Can be released directly into water
Can cause endocrine disruption and cancer in organisms (including humans)
Remain in soil & can leach into groundwater or runoff into surface water
Can leach out of poorly managed landfills or improperly buried industrial waste

Question 12

Bioaccumulation

Answer 12

is the selective absorption and concentration of elements or compounds by cells

Question 13

Biomagnification

Answer 13

is the increase in concentration of substances per unit of body tissue as you move up trophic levels.

Question 14

where is soild waste disposed ?

Answer 14

In many developed nations, solid waste is disposed in a sanitary landfill.

Question 15

what items can not be accepted in a landfull ?

Answer 15

Hazardous wastes like batteries, used oil, paints, antifreeze, etc.
E-waste, which often contains heavy metals
Chemicals like household cleaners
Medical waste
Unused or expired drugs
Tires!!! (not accepted)

Question 16

Reduce

Answer 16

consumption of material goods, which in turn reduces resource harvesting

Question 17

Reuse

Answer 17

Reuse products that you already own so no additional energy or materials are used to create a product

Question 18

Recycle:

Answer 18

the process of converting solid waste into new products

Question 19

what is issues with sewar waste treatment plants ?

Answer 19

Wastewater treatment plants can flood during heavy rains, releasing raw sewage into the environment.

Question 20

Lethal dose 50% ?

Answer 20

is the dose of a chemical that is lethal to 50% of the population of a particular species

Question 21

dose response study,

Answer 21

organisms are exposed to different doses or concentrations of a chemical to measure a response

Question 22

dose response curve

Answer 22

describes the effect on an organism or mortality rate in a population based on the dose of a particular toxin or drug.

Question 23

ED50

Answer 23

is the dose of a chemical that exhibits a specific effect on 50% of the population of a particular species
Infertility, paralysis, cancer, etc

Question 24

how much do you divide by for humans

Answer 24

1000

Question 25

Carcinogen

Answer 25

Cancer causing agents (asbestos, PCBs, radon)

Question 26

Teratogens:

Answer 26

Agents that cause issues in developing fetuses (alcohol)

Question 27

Mutagens:

Answer 27

Agents that cause mutations in genetic material (radioactive material, UV light)

Question 28

Neurotoxin:

Answer 28

Chemical agents that cause damage to nervous tissue (lead, mercury)

Question 29

clean water act

Answer 29

establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters.

Question 30

safe drinking water act

Answer 30

to protect drinking water