APCSP UNIT 6 Flashcards
What is a one-way function?
A function that is easy to compute in one direction but hard to compute in the other
Give an example of a key exchange problem
The problem of securely sharing a symmetric key between Alice and Bob
What does a polyalphabetic cipher use?
Multiple alphabets
What technique can be used to break a caesar cipher?
Frequency analysis
Give an example of a substitution cipher
Caesar cipher
Define cipher
An algorithm that is used to scramble text so that it can be passed in secret
What is a subdomain of the domain example.com?
about.example.com
What is the network service provider responsible for?
Creating and assigning IP addresses as new users join a network
What does the DNS do?
Domain name system; translates easy-to-remember domain names into IP addresses
What does the Gmail server do when you send an email message using Gmail in your browser?
The Gmail server divides the message into packets that are routed individually over the internet to the recipients email
What school policy would most likely have a positive impact on the digital divide?
A school provides a laptop or tablet computer to all students enrolled at the school.
Define latency
The amount of time it takes to send a message over the internet
Describe the benefits of multi-factor authentication
Requires additional authentication in addition to the password, just in case the password gets compromised
What is made possible by the internet and the WWW, employing client-server computing?
Cloud computing
What is the digital divide? What are some ways to reduce the effects of the digital divide?
The gap between those who have access to computers & the internet and those who do not; Government & cities should strive to offer places like libraries & schools where anyone can access computers & the internet; They should work to create infrastructures necessary to provide places access to the internet
Define server
A host that provides some kind of service (ex. google gmail service)
Define cryptography
The art & science of writing secret messages
Define bandwidth
The amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time
Define client
A computer or software application that requests services from a server located on the internet(ex. a web browser)
Define world wide web
An internet application that is based on the HTTP protocol
Define network
A group of two or more computers that are linked together
Define protocol
A system of rules that govern the behaviour of some system
Define modem
A device that connects a computer to an internet service provider (ISP)
Define ethernet
A network that uses wires to connect computers
Define router
A device that transmits data between two different networks
List examples of semantic errors in app inventor?
The PaintPot ButtonMinus.Click event adding to dotsize; The PaintPot buttonred.click setting the canvas1.Paint color to blue
What is the HTTP’s protocol?
An example of an open standard; uses public key encryption to exchange a symmetric key between a user’s browser & a server; uses a symmetric cipher to encrypt data between a user’s browser & a server; uses a certificate authority to authenticate the identity of the server during the transaction
What is an asymmetric cipher?
Exemplified by RSA & diffie-hellman; uses different keys for encryption and decryption; can be used to solve the key exchange problem
What are the caesar cipher, simple substitution cipher, and vignere cipher examples of?
Symmetric ciphers & substitution ciphers
What is an IPv4 address?
A string of bits that provide a computer’s internet address; is used to route data through the internet; consists of 32 bits
What are the benefits of redundancy in routing on the internet where there is more than one route for packets to travel through the internet?
Increasing the case in which the internet can scale or grow where extra routes can be easily added; increasing the fault-tolerance of the internet so that the packets will reach their destination even if some connections have failed
In computer programming what is a bug?
An error or defect that prevents the app from working the way its supposed to
Give an example of a server
Google’s search engine
Give an example of a client
Phone
In computer programming what is the set of rules that determines whether statements are correctly formulated?
Syntax
What is true about digital certificates in web browsers?
Digital certificates are used to verify the ownership of encrypted keys used in secured communication
