Apartheid Flashcards
What was the main reason for Apartheid?
The National Party believed black people were lesser than white people and did not deserve rights
What were the different categories of black people
Native, Bantu, Coloured and Indian
Do people’s features effect their intelligence or behavior?
No
What does segregation mean?
The practice of sperating groups of people because of certain traits or features
What does “Born free” mean
South Africans who born after Apartheid, therefore they were born ‘free’
When did Apartheid end?
1994
Was Apartheid the start of racial segregation in South Africa?
No it had been in place for decades
How many Apartheid laws were there?
148
What are some notable Apartheid laws?
Pass Law Act
Prohibition of Mixed Marriages
Bantu Education Act
Group Areas Act
Separate Amenities Act
What did the Apartheid laws aim to accomplish?
-Increase the power and living standards of whites
-Increase the separation of ‘races’
-Control the movement of black people
Brief description of the separate amenities act:
Black people had to use completely different facilities as white people. This included beaches, bathrooms, parks, taps. White people had access to the best amenities
Brief description of the Bantu Education Act
Black children were given inferior education to white children
What were the Pass Laws?
All black men had to walk around with referemce books/ passes (also known as dompas). This was needed if the black men needed to go to white areas
What was the group areas act?
Forcing different groups of black people to stay in certain areas. i.e Xhosa in one place and Zulu another
This was done to create separation among black people
Who were the leaders in the woman’s march
Lillian Ngoyi
Helen Joseph
What were the women in the women’s march protesting?
Having to carry passes
a) Who majority of land in South Africa?
b) And how much did black people own?
a) White people
b) 13% of the land
Who was Robert Sobuke?
He was the first president of the PAC.
What does PAC stand for?
The PAC is the Pan Africanist Congress. They wanted black African people to determine their own future, WITHOUT the help of white people
When was the PAC formed?
6 April 1959
What was the Sharpeville March about?
The PAC and ANC planned a peaceful protest against Pass Laws. This protest of about 5000 members was met with gunfire on the protesters
When did the Sharpeville March happen?
21 March 1960
Who led the Langa March?
Phillip Kgosana, the regional leader of the PAC
What happened to Phillip Kgosana after his promised meeting with the police chief?
He was arrested and later let out on bail during Christmas. He used this opportunity to flee into exile
What was the MK
It was a part of the ANC which was classified as their armed forces
What does ‘MK’ mean?
Umkhonto we Size. “The Spear of The Nation”
Who led the MK?
Nelson Mandela
Why was the MK formed?
The PAC, ANC and other South Africans had seen that non-violent protests were not working against the government
What were one of the short term consequences?
The government called for a state of emergency
What was the Poqo?
The PAC’s armed wing, similar to the ANC’s. But unlike the MK, it did not put effort to avoid the loss of life
What happened to the Poqo members?
Many were hanged and others sent to Robben Island
