Apartheid Flashcards
What does the word ‘apartheid’ mean, and which racial group held dominance during apartheid?
‘Apartheid’ means ‘apartness’ in Afrikaans, and the white minority held dominance over all others, particularly Black South Africans.
Example sentence: The apartheid regime enforced strict racial segregation policies.
What was the Population Registration Act of 1950, and how did it affect South Africans?
The Population Registration Act classified South Africans into four racial categories—White, Black, Coloured, and Indian. This classification determined where people could live, work, and their legal rights.
Additional information: The act was a cornerstone of apartheid legislation.
What were the Pass Laws in South Africa under apartheid?
The Pass Laws required Black South Africans to carry passbooks (dompas) that restricted their movement, particularly in ‘white’ areas.
Example sentence: Failure to produce a valid passbook could result in arrest.
What was the Group Areas Act of 1950?
The Group Areas Act segregated residential and business areas by race and led to the forced removal of non-white communities to underdeveloped townships or Bantustans.
Example sentence: The act reinforced racial segregation in urban areas.
How did apartheid affect Black South Africans politically?
Apartheid stripped non-whites of political rights, including the right to vote, and relegated Black South Africans to local governance in Bantustans through the Bantu Authorities Act of 1951.
Additional information: The Bantu Authorities Act established tribal authorities for Black South Africans.
What was the purpose of the Bantu Education Act of 1953?
The Bantu Education Act limited education for Black South Africans, training them primarily for unskilled labor to reinforce their subjugated role in society.
Additional information: The act aimed to provide a separate and unequal education system for non-whites.
How did the apartheid government enforce economic discrimination?
Black South Africans were barred from owning land in much of the country, and skilled jobs were reserved for white workers through the Job Reservation Act.
Additional information: Economic discrimination perpetuated racial inequality in South Africa.
What were some key resistance movements during apartheid?
Key resistance movements included the African National Congress (ANC), Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), and various trade unions, which led protests, strikes, and boycotts against apartheid.
Example sentence: The ANC played a significant role in the anti-apartheid struggle.
What were the international responses to apartheid?
The international community, including the United Nations, condemned apartheid and imposed economic sanctions and sports boycotts against South Africa.
Additional information: The anti-apartheid movement gained global support.
What led to the end of apartheid in South Africa?
The end of apartheid was brought about by internal resistance, international pressure, and economic difficulties, culminating in the first democratic elections in 1994.
Additional information: Nelson Mandela was elected as the first black president of South Africa in 1994.
What is apartheid?
A system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa, officially implemented from 1948 to the early 1990s.
Additional information: The term ‘apartheid’ means ‘apartness’ in Afrikaans.
What is the Population Registration Act (1950)?
A law that classified all South Africans into four racial groups—White, Black, Coloured, and Indian—determining their rights and opportunities.
Additional information: The act laid the foundation for racial discrimination in South Africa.
What are Pass Laws?
Laws that required Black South Africans to carry passbooks (dompas) that restricted their movement in ‘white’ urban areas.
Additional information: Pass laws were used to control the movement of non-whites in South Africa.
What is the Group Areas Act (1950)?
A law that segregated residential and business areas by race, leading to the forced removal of non-white communities.
Additional information: The act enforced residential segregation based on race.
What is the Bantu Authorities Act (1951)?
A law that created a system of indirect governance for Black South Africans, confining them to local political structures in Bantustans.
Additional information: The act aimed to divide and control the black population in South Africa.
