APA 2111 key terms Flashcards
Physical activity
“any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure” (Caspersen, Powell, &
Christenson, 1985, p 126)
Physical activity includes activities that occur in a variety of settings
(e.g., home, school, community, neighbourhood, work) and that are
influenced by many sources (e.g., attitudes, parents and peers,
environment, policies)
PA vs Exercise
Exercise is a form of leisure time physical activity planned, structured
and repeated to improve physical fitness
All exercise is physical activity, but not all physical activity is exercise.
Diseases of lifestyle
How a person lives. Non communicable. Generations of making life easier. Ex; food and grocery delivery, driving everywhere etc.
Intervention
Come between so as to prevent or alter an outcome
Intervention research
Research that evaluates how manipulating
important factors identified through determinant research affects
exercise behaviour
Outcome variable
A response that occurs due to being involved in physical activity
Outcome-based exercise research
Research that develops interventions
and tests whether they positively affect exercise behaviour
Treatment variable:
A variable that is presented to an individual to see its
effect on an outcome variable.
Treatment-based exercise research:
Research that modifies an individual’s
life experiences using physical activity. Physical activity is presented to the
individual to influence life outcomes and other relevant factors.
Pedagogy
The study of how knowledge and skills are imparted in an educational context, focusing on the interaction during learning.
Learning is constructed by the learner not the teacher.
Theory of planned behaviour
Developed by Ajzeh, 1985
Explains how individuals beliefs and attitudes shape their behaviour.
Attitude toward the behaviour (TPB):
Positive or negative feelings about performing such behaviour. If someone believes working out is good they are more likely to work out.
Subjective norm (TPB)
Perceived social pressure to perform/not perform behaviour.
Parents and friends expect one to exercise they are more likely to exercise.
Perceived behavioural control
extent to which a person feels capable to perform a behaviour. If they feel they have control over time and resources they are more likely to exercise regularly.
Intention (TPB)
Motivational factor that drives the behaviour. Positive attitude towards exercising they are likely to exercise.
Actual Behaviour Control (TPB)
Real factors that influence whether a behaviour can be performed such as having time, resources or physically able to perform exercise
Behaviour (TPB)
Actual action taken based upon intention and perceived/actual control. If a person has the intention to exercise they will likely follow through with the plan.
Personal factors (SCT)
Beliefs, goals and self efficacy (beliefs in ones abilities). Internal factors tha influence how a person perceives and engages with the world
envrionmental factors (SCT)
External factors such as instruction, feedback and others behaviours. Persons social or physical environment can impact their motivation and ability to engage in a bahviour.
Behaviour (SCT)
actions, choices, statements, learning and achievements of the individual. Represents the actual behaviour influenced by personal and environmental factors.
Genuine v. perceived barriers
Viable reasons for not exercising v. obstacles that people believe are not insurmountable.
3 goal types from a performance lense
Process, Outcome, and Performance (POP)
