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AP Statistics > AP Stats Vocab > Flashcards

AP Stats Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Individuals

A

The objects described by a set of data.

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2
Q

Variable

A

Any characteristic of an individual.

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3
Q

Categorical Variable

A

Places an individual into one of several groups or categories.

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4
Q

Quantitative Variable

A

Takes numerical values for which it makes sense to find an average.

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5
Q

Discrete Variables

A

A variable that cannot take on any value between its maximum and minimum value.

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6
Q

Continuous

A

A variable that can take on any value between its maximum and minimum value.

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7
Q

Univariate Data

A

When you conduct a study only looking at one variable.

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8
Q

Bivariate Data

A

When you conduct a study looking at two variables.

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9
Q

Population

A

The total set of observations that can be made.

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10
Q

Sample

A

A set of observations drawn from a population.

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11
Q

Census

A

A study that obtains data from every member of a population.

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12
Q

Distribution

A

What values the variable takes and how often it takes these values.

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13
Q

Inference

A

Drawing a conclusion beyond the data given.

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14
Q

Frequency Table

A

A table that displays the counts of things.

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15
Q

Relative Frequency Table

A

A table that shows the percents of things.

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16
Q

Roundoff Error

A

When you round percentages and they do not add up correctly.

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17
Q

Pie Chart

A

Shows the distribution of a categorical variable as a “pie”.

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18
Q

Bar Graph

A

Shows the distribution of a categorical variable as bars.

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19
Q

Two-Way Table

A

A table that describes two categorical variables.

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20
Q

Marginal Distribution

A

The distribution of values of a categorical variable among all individuals described by the table.

21
Q

Conditional Distribution

A

Describes the values of that variable among individuals who have a specific value of another variable.

22
Q

Segmented Bar Graph

A

A bar graph where columns have different segments.

23
Q

Side-by-side Bar Graph

A

A bar graph with two columns with different data next to each other.

24
Q

Association

A

If knowing the value of one variable helps predict the value of the other.

25
Q

Simpson’s Paradox

A

When a trend appears in groups of data but disappears or reverses when the groups are combined.

26
Q

Dotplot

A

Each data value is shown as a dot on a number line.

27
Q

Shape

A

The form of something.

28
Q

Mode

A

The most common value of a set of data.

29
Q

Center

A

The midpoint of a set of values.

30
Q

Spread

A

How the data varies.

31
Q

Range

A

The difference between the maximum and minimum values in a set of data.

32
Q

Outlier

A

A value much greater or lesser than the rest of the values.

33
Q

Symmetric

A

If the left and right sides of a graph are mirror images of each other.

34
Q

Skewed Right

A

If the right side of the graph is much longer than the left.

35
Q

Skewed Left

A

If the left side of the graph is much longer than the left.

36
Q

Unimodal

A

A graph with a single peak.

37
Q

Bimodal

A

A graph with two peaks.

38
Q

Multimodal

A

A graph with multiple peaks.

39
Q

Stemplot

A

A graph that shows the shape of the distribution while showing the numerical values.

40
Q

Splitting Stems

A

Separating values into two stems.

41
Q

Back-to-back Stem Plots

A

A stem plot with common stems where the leaves on each side are ordered out from the common stem.

42
Q

Histogram

A

A common graph of the distribution of a quantitative variable.

43
Q

Mean

A

A value found by adding all the values and dividing by a number of observations.

44
Q

Median

A

The midpoint of a distribution.

45
Q

Interquartile Range (IQR)

A

Measures the range of the middle 50% of the data.

46
Q

Five-Number Summary

A

Consists of the minimum, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the maximum.

47
Q

Boxplot

A

A way of showing the five-number summary.

48
Q

Standard Deviation

A

Measures the typical distance of values from the mean.

49
Q

Variance

A

The average squared deviation.

AP Statistics (1 decks)

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