Ap Stats Unit 1 Vocab

Question 1

Sample

Answer 1

a (hopefully representative) subset of a population

Question 2

Simulation

Answer 2

a model of random events that imitates a real process

Question 3

SRS (Simple Random Sample)

Answer 3

a sample in which every possible group is equally likely to be chosen

Question 4

Convenience sample

Answer 4

a sample that chooses subjects who are easiest to obtain

Question 5

Census

Answer 5

a sample that includes the entire population

Question 6

Systematic sample

Answer 6

a sample where every nth individual or item is chosen

Question 7

Multistage sample

Answer 7

a sample method where several methods are combined

Question 8

Stratified

Answer 8

a sample method where several methods are combined

Question 9

Cluster

Answer 9

a sampling method where you randomly choose entire groups created from population

Question 10

Treatment

Answer 10

a specific condition applied to the individuals in an experiment

Question 11

Observational study

Answer 11

a study where no treatments have been assigned to subjects

Question 12

Experiment

Answer 12

a study where an experimenter randomly assigns treatments to subjects

Question 13

Bias

Answer 13

a systematic failure of a sample to represent its population that leads to either an over or an underestimate of the variable

Question 14

Placebo

Answer 14

a treatment that is known to have no effect

Question 15

Sample statistic

Answer 15

a value that is calculated for a sample

Question 16

Population parameter

Answer 16

a value that measures a characteristic of a population

Question 17

Population

Answer 17

an entire group of individuals about whom we hope to learn

Question 18

Matched pairs

Answer 18

an experimental design where subjects are paired in groups of 2

Question 19

Nonresponse bias

Answer 19

bias introduced to a sample when many surveyed fail to respond

Question 20

Volunteer response bias

Answer 20

biased produced from having volunteers who choose to be in the sample

Question 21

Experimental units or subjects

Answer 21

individuals on whom an experiment is performed

Question 22

Survey

Answer 22

questions posed to a sample of the population

Question 23

Confounding

Answer 23

the condition when the effects of a variable can’t be distinguished from each other

Question 24

Blinding

Answer 24

the condition where the subject does not know the treatment they received

Question 25

Control group

Answer 25

the group of subjects used for a baseline treatment level

Question 26

Sampling variability

Answer 26

the naturally occurring variability from sample to sample

Question 27

Undercoverage

Answer 27

the result of a sampling method that leaves out some part of a population

Question 28

Replication

Answer 28

using many experimental units (subjects) for your experiment