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AP lymphatic quiz Flashcards

1
Q

functions of lymphatic system

A

lipid transport
immune defence
drain interstitial fluid

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2
Q

order of lymphatic flow

A

capillaries, vessels, trunks, ducts, veins

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3
Q

pumps in lymphatic system

A

respiratory and muscle

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4
Q

respiratory pump

A

maintained by pressure changes during inhalation. (diaphragm contracts creating higher pressure in a abdominal cavity)

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5
Q

muscle pump

A

milking action from muscles specifically calf muscles. compress lymph vessels and force it upward. same with veins

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6
Q

what pulls on endothelium to increase permeability

A

anchoring filaments

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7
Q

one way valves

A

lymphatic capillaries

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8
Q

right lymphatic duct drains?

A

right upper body and head

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9
Q

left lymphatic duct drains?

A

rest of the body

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10
Q

flow of lymph through vessels

A

afferent vessel, subcapsular sinus, trabecular sinus, medullary sinus, efferent vessel, hilum

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11
Q

where do the lungs drain into

A

bronchomediastinal

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12
Q

all 5 lymph nodes

A

1 pharyngeal
2 palatine
2 lingual

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13
Q

phases of phagocytosis

A

chemotaxis
adherence
ingestion
digestion
death

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14
Q

chemotaxis

A

phagocytes attracted to area by chemicals released by microbe or damaged cells

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15
Q

adherence

A

microbe attaches to phagocytes cell membrane

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16
Q

ingestion

A

microbe goes into cell from pseudopods

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17
Q

digestion

A

microbe merges with a lysosome with digestive enzymes that breakdown microbe wall

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18
Q

death

A

digestive enzymes digest microbe and kill it

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19
Q

stages of inflammation

A
  1. vasodilation, increased permeability
  2. emigration of phagocytes
  3. tissue repair
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20
Q

B cells born and mature in?

A

bone marrow

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21
Q

T cells born and mature in?

A

born in bone marrow
mature in thymus

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22
Q

adaptive immunity

A

-acquired over a lifetime
-cell mediated and antibody mediated immunity

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23
Q

innate immunity

A

-present at birth, not specific, doesn’t adapt
-first and second line of defence

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24
Q

first line of defence

A

-skin and mucous membrane
- epidermis
-mucous membranes
-hairs
-cilia
-fluids

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25
Q

second line of defence

A

-internal antimicrobial substances
-natural killer cells
-phagocytes
-inflammation
-fever

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26
Q

complement system

A

enhances immune response by using proteins to poke hole in cell membrane of microbe causing it to burst (releasing histamine). then promotes phagocytosis and contributes to inflammation

27
Q

antibody actions

A

-neutralize antigens
-immobilize bacteria
-agglutinating and precipitating agent
-activates compliment system
-enhancing phagocytes

28
Q

endogenous vs exogenous

A

endo: inside cell, make MHC I
exo: Outside cell, make MHC II

29
Q

what is a lacteal

A

specialized lymphatic capillary in guts that absorbs fat

30
Q

primary lymphatic organs

A

stem cells divide/ differentiate in red bone marrow and thymus

31
Q

secondary lymphatic organs

A

immune response occurs in lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic nodules

32
Q

thymus

A

located in mediastinum
active in early childhood, atrophies and is mostly gone by adulthood

33
Q

cells in cortex

A

made of immature T cells, dendritic, epithelial cells. many T cells die here, macrophages clean up

34
Q

cells in medulla

A

made of immature T cells, epithelial, dendritic and macrophages

35
Q

outer cortex cells

A

B cells in lymphatic nodules

36
Q

inner cortex cells

A

T cells and dendritic

37
Q

medulla cells

A

B cells, antibody producing plasma and macrophages

38
Q

root of travel in lymph node

A

afferent vessel, sub capsular sinus, trabecular sinus, medullary sinus, efferent vessel (hylum)

39
Q

pyers patches location

A

3rd part of small intestine

40
Q

what is MALT

A

mucous associated lymphoid tissue

41
Q

first and second line of defence is part of innate immunity

A
42
Q

are lymph capillaries bigger than blood vessels

A

yes and more permeable

43
Q

mechanisms by which lymph gets into lymph vessels

A

-overlapping, crammed epithelial cells leak fluid and promote fluid entry.
-anchoring filaments
-more pressure on outside rather than in

44
Q

what side is the cistern of chyli on

A

left side

45
Q

what duct drain upper left body

A

left thoracic

46
Q

what is it called when a cell can differentiate into another

A

plury potent

47
Q

what’s inguinal

A

groin

48
Q

what happens in red pulp

A

death of RBC’s, storage of platelets, blood cells produced during fetal life

49
Q

which tonsils get removed

A

palatines

50
Q

signs and symptoms of inflammation

A

prish
pain, redness, inflammation, swelling, heat

51
Q

which antibody activates B cells

A

igD

52
Q

what antibodies appear first

A

igM

53
Q

which antibodies are found in breast milk, sweat, tears, saliva, and GI

A

igA

54
Q

which antibody is involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions

A

igE

55
Q

which cells produce antibodies

A

B cells AKA plasma cells

56
Q

which cells are antigen presenting

A

macrophages, dendrites, B cells

57
Q

T helper cells bind to MHC II to activate B cells

A
58
Q

in cell mediated immunity, which cells bind MHC I

A

cytotoxic T cells

59
Q

allergic reaction is type II

A
60
Q

what about a lymph capillary promotes fluid flow from interstitial space

A

all the above

61
Q

what happens in white pulp in spleen

A

immune functions are carried out and macrophages that destroy pathogens with phagocytosis

62
Q

where is MALT found

A

GI tract, urinary tract, reproductive tract and respiratory airways

63
Q
A

AP (1 decks)

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