ap lang rhetoric terms

Question 1

warrant

Answer 1

expresses the assumption shared by speaker and audience that connects a reason and the claim

Question 2

rhetor

Answer 2

public speaker/writer skilled at rhetoric

Question 3

rhetoric

Answer 3

art of persuasion

Question 4

kairos vs chronos

Answer 4

kairos is the right / most opportune moment

chronos is more so about context

Question 5

line of reasoning

Answer 5

steps that show the claims you will use to prove thesis

Question 6

Jeremiad info

Answer 6

literary work that expresses a bitter lament or righteous prophecy of doom

Question 7

toulmin model

Answer 7

six-part model of an argument

claim: a statement that something is so
data: backing for the claim
warrant: link between claim and grounds
backing: support for warrant
modality: the degree of certainty employed in offering the argument
rebuttal: exceptions to the initial claim

Question 8

syllogism

Answer 8

major premise + minor premise = conclusion

major premise: all mammals are warm-blooded
minor premise: all black dogs are mammals
conclusion: therefore, all black dogs are mammals

Question 9

qualifier

Answer 9

??
admits restrictions to a claim

Question 10

deductive vs inductive reasoning

Answer 10

deductive:
* start w general principle and apply to specific case
* usually in a syllogism

inductive:
* reason from particulars to universals, using specific cases to draw a conclusion

Question 11

open thesis

Answer 11

includes claims/reasoning in thesis

Question 12

closed thesis

Answer 12

does not DIRECTLY state claims/reasons in thesis, but is implied throughout

Question 13

counterargument / altho thesis

Answer 13

a type of thesis that includes a brief counterargument

Question 14

alliteration

Answer 14

repetition of same starting consonant sound

Question 15

allusion

Answer 15

reference to a person, place, event, or work of art

Question 16

anaphora

Answer 16

repetition of word/phrase at the start of successive clauses

Question 17

anastrophe

Answer 17

syntactical disorder to emphasize a point

Question 18

antimetabole

Answer 18

repetition of words in reverse order

Question 19

antithesis

Answer 19

contrasting words/ideas in a parallel construction

Question 20

archaic diction

Answer 20

outdated choice of words

Question 21

assonance

Answer 21

repetition of vowel sounds

Question 22

asyndeton

Answer 22

omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases

“we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship…”

Question 23

consonance

Answer 23

repetition of consonant sounds

Question 24

cumulative sentence

Answer 24

sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on

Question 25

hortative sentence

Answer 25

sentence that calls to action

Question 26

imperative sentence

Answer 26

sentence used to command

Question 27

inversion

Answer 27

inverted order of words in a sentence from standard subject-verb-object order

Question 28

juxtaposition

Answer 28

placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences

Question 29

metaphor

Answer 29

equating two ideas without the use of linking words

Question 30

parallelism

Answer 30

similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses

Question 31

periodic sentence

Answer 31

a sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end

Question 32

personification

Answer 32

attribution of a lifelike quality to inanimate object or an idea

Question 33

repetition

Answer 33

?

Question 34

rhetorical question

Answer 34

figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect than for the purpose of getting an answer

Question 35

zeugma

Answer 35

when one part of speech governs two or more parts of a sentence