AP Lang Argument Part 1 & 2 Terms

Question 1

Exigence

Answer 1

The problem the essay or speech addresses ; the impetus

Question 2

Purpose

Answer 2

The goals the write or speaker wants to achieve

Question 3

Audience

Answer 3

Receivers of the message who often have a variety of values and beliefs

Question 4

Writer or Speaker

Answer 4

A unique voice with values and beliefs

Question 5

Context

Answer 5

The Time, Place, and Occasion

Question 6

Message

Answer 6

The substance of the writer’s or speaker’s main points

Question 7

Rhetorical Situation

Answer 7

The situation out of which writing emerges

Question 8

Analogies

Answer 8

Comparisons between two things used to explain or clarify a point

Question 9

Anecdotes

Answer 9

Short, real-life stories used to illustrate a point

Question 10

Claims

Answer 10

Statements asserted to be true that are not obviously facts

Question 11

Evidence

Answer 11

Information to prove an idea is valid

Question 12

Examples

Answer 12

Specific instances that demonstrate something relevant to the claim

Question 13

Experiments

Answer 13

Scientific procedures that test hypotheses and rely on observable, measurable, and reproducible results

Question 14

Expert Opinion

Answer 14

Statements made by people with special knowledge of the topic

Question 15

Facts

Answer 15

Objective information

Question 16

Illustrations

Answer 16

Examples meant to clarify or prove something

Question 17

Paraphrase

Answer 17

Rewrite the author’s ideas in your own words

Question 18

Personal Observation

Answer 18

Writer’s conclusions based on their experiences

Question 19

Position

Answer 19

Writers gather and arrange ideas about an issue and determine how their views relate

Question 20

Quote

Answer 20

The author’s exact words

Question 21

Reasoning

Answer 21

Showing your audience how you think through your argument and how the evidence supports the claim

Question 22

Statistics

Answer 22

Numerical facts or data

Question 23

Summarize

Answer 23

Condense key information from a source in your own words, leaving out some details

Question 24

Testimonies

Answer 24

Formal written or spoken statements provided as evidence