AP Lang Argument Part 1 & 2 Terms Flashcards
Exigence
The problem the essay or speech addresses ; the impetus
Purpose
The goals the write or speaker wants to achieve
Audience
Receivers of the message who often have a variety of values and beliefs
Writer or Speaker
A unique voice with values and beliefs
Context
The Time, Place, and Occasion
Message
The substance of the writer’s or speaker’s main points
Rhetorical Situation
The situation out of which writing emerges
Analogies
Comparisons between two things used to explain or clarify a point
Anecdotes
Short, real-life stories used to illustrate a point
Claims
Statements asserted to be true that are not obviously facts
Evidence
Information to prove an idea is valid
Examples
Specific instances that demonstrate something relevant to the claim
Experiments
Scientific procedures that test hypotheses and rely on observable, measurable, and reproducible results
Expert Opinion
Statements made by people with special knowledge of the topic
Facts
Objective information
Illustrations
Examples meant to clarify or prove something
Paraphrase
Rewrite the author’s ideas in your own words
Personal Observation
Writer’s conclusions based on their experiences
Position
Writers gather and arrange ideas about an issue and determine how their views relate
Quote
The author’s exact words
Reasoning
Showing your audience how you think through your argument and how the evidence supports the claim
Statistics
Numerical facts or data
Summarize
Condense key information from a source in your own words, leaving out some details
Testimonies
Formal written or spoken statements provided as evidence
