AP HUMAN UNIT 6

Question 1

The permanently inhabited portion of earth’s surface

Answer 1

Ecumene

Question 2

The ongoing process of developing towns and cities

Answer 2

Urbanization

Question 3

A place with a permanent human population

Answer 3

Settlement

Question 4

Proportion of the population that lives in cities as compared to rural areas

Answer 4

Percent Urban

Question 5

A model developed by geographer John Borchert that describes urban growth based on transportation technology

Answer 5

Borchert’s Model of Urban Growth

Question 6

A place where there is a relative concentration of people

Answer 6

City

Question 7

A city and adjacent area across which population density is high and continuous

Answer 7

Metropolitan Area

Question 8

A chain of interconnected cities

Answer 8

Megalopolis

Question 9

The world’s largest cities, typically having more than 10 million people

Answer 9

Megacities

Question 10

A city with over 20 million people

Answer 10

Metacities

Question 11

A city that exerts influence far beyond its national boundaries

Answer 11

World City

Question 12

The process of people moving, usually from cities, to residential areas on the outskirts of cities

Answer 12

Suburbanization

Question 13

Large (100,000+ residents), fast-growing suburbs

Answer 13

Boomburbs

Question 14

A suburb that grows to the point that it develops its own economic core and can exist independently of a city that it borders

Answer 14

Edge City

Question 15

When people move from urban to rural areas

Answer 15

Counterurbanization

Question 16

Wealthy commuter communities located behind the suburbs

Answer 16

Exurbs

Question 17

An interdependent set of cities within a region

Answer 17

Urban System

Question 18

Places that are larger and closer together will have more interaction than places that are smaller and farther apart

Answer 18

Gravity Model

Question 19

The population of a city or town will be inversely proportional to its rank in the urban hierarchy

Answer 19

Rank-Size rule

Question 20

If the largest city in an urban systems is more than twice as large as the next largest city, the largest city is said to have primacy

Answer 20

Primate Cities Rule

Question 21

A model that explains the size and spacing of centers that specialize in different goods and services

Answer 21

Central Place Theory

Question 22

A location where people go to receive goods and services

Answer 22

Central Place

Question 23

The area surrounding a central place that uses its goods and services

Answer 23

Market Area

Question 24

The size of population necessary for any particular service to exist and remain profitable

Answer 24

Threshold

Question 25

The distance people will travel to obtain specific goods or services

Answer 25

Range

Question 26

Expensive goods that are expensive, purchased infrequently, and have a high threshold and a large range

Answer 26

High Order Goods

Question 27

Inexpensive goods that are purchased frequently, and have a low threshold and small range

Answer 27

Low Order Goods

Question 28

The physical layout of a city. Can have economic, social, political, and environmental effects

Answer 28

Urban Morphology

Question 29

The idea that zones/regions of an urban area have specific and distinct purposes. Three zoning categories: Residential, Commercial, Industrial

Answer 29

Functional Zonation

Question 30

The commercial heart of a city. Usually the focal point of the city

Answer 30

Central Business District (CBD)

Question 31

Adding services and housing after the city has already been built

Answer 31

Infilling

Question 32

When poverty is persistent and people become accustomed to it

Answer 32

Culture of Poverty

Question 33

The process by which banks refused loans to those who wanted to purchase and improve properties in certain urban area s

Answer 33

Redlining

Question 34

The change in the use of a house from a single-family home to a rented units in a multifamily welling to eventual abandonment

Answer 34

Filtering

Question 35

Deterioration of an urban area due to neglect or age

Answer 35

Urban Decay

Question 36

Regions of the city that have declined so much that they have been abandoned by owners and renters

Answer 36

Zones of Abandonment

Question 37

Housing built on land that people do not have legal right to settle on

Answer 37

Squatter Settlements

Question 38

The poorest parts of cities that are not connected to the city services and are often controlled by gangs

Answer 38

Disamenity Zones

Question 39

A district of a city marked by extreme poverty and inferior living conditions

Answer 39

Slum

Question 40

The condition of not having a permanent place to live

Answer 40

Homelessness

Question 41

Renovating a site by removing that existing landscape and building from the ground up

Answer 41

Urban Redevelopment

Question 42

Laws allowing the government to seize land for public use after paying owners market value

Answer 42

Eminent Domain

Question 43

The process of wealthier residents moving into a neighborhood, renovating it, and making it unaffordable for existing residents

Answer 43

Gentrification

Question 44

Areas of Poverty occupied by a minority group as a result of discrimination

Answer 44

Ghettos

Question 45

When people of one ethnic group are frightened into selling their homes at a low price when they hear that a family of another race or ethnicity is moving in

Answer 45

Blockbusting

Question 46

Walled or fenced neighborhoods with limited access

Answer 46

Gated Communities

Question 47

A community where there is no access to fresh, healthy, affordable food options because there is a lack of food or grocery stores and farmer's markets

Answer 47

Food Desert

Question 48

The portion of the economy that is not taxed, regulated, or managed by the government

Answer 48

Informal Economy

Question 49

Streets lined with tall buildings that can channel and intensity wind and prevent natural sunlight from reaching the ground

Answer 49

Urban Canyon

Question 50

A portion of a city that is warmer than surrounding regions due to the concentration of buildings

Answer 50

Urban Heat Island

Question 51

The rapid spread of development outward from the inner city

Answer 51

Urban Sprawl

Question 52

An abandoned industrial property that has the potential to be a hazard or pollutant

Answer 52

Brownfield

Question 53

The process of building up underused lands within a city

Answer 53

Urban Infill

Question 54

A set of policies aimed to preserve farmland and other open, undeveloped spaces near a city

Answer 54

Smart Growth

Question 55

Areas of undeveloped land around an urban area

Answer 55

Greenbelts

Question 56

A movement, in urban planning that emerged in the 1990s with goals including reducing urban sprawl, increasing affordable housing, and creating liveable neighborhoods

Answer 56

New Urbanism

Question 57

Neighborhoods with a mix of residential and commercial buildings

Answer 57

Mixed-Use Neighborhoods

Question 58

Urban planning designed to maximize access to public transport

Answer 58

Transportation-Oriented Development