Ap Human Geography Vocab Quiz 2 Flashcards
Agricultural Density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land
Antinatalist policy
Government policy that supports lower birth rates
Arithmetic Population Density
The total number of people divided by the total land area
Arable Land
Land suited for agriculture
Carrying Capacity
The population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the available resources
Census
A complete enumerical of a population
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society
Demography
The scientific study of population characteristics
Demographic Transition
The process of change in a societies population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and a low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase and higher total population
Dependency Ratio
The number of people under age and over 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force
Doubling Time
The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase
Ecumene
The portion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement
Epidemic
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
Epidemiologic transition
The process of change in the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 For every 1000 live births in a society
Maternal Mortality Rate
The annual number of female deaths per 100000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes)
Medical Revolution
Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in the poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier countries
Mortality
The study of death rates
Natural Increase Rate (NIR
The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate
Overpopulation
A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity for the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Pandemic
An epidemic that occurs over a wide geographic area and effects a very high proportion of the population at the same time
Physiological Population Density
The number of people per unit area of arable land, which is land suitable for agricultural
Population Pyramids
A bar graph that represents the distribution of the population by age and sex
Pronatalist policy
Government policy that supports higher birth rates
Sex Ratio
The number of males per 100 females in the population
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childhood years
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
A decline of the total fertility rate to where the natural fertility rate equals zero
Life Expectancy
The number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.
