AP Human Geography units 1-3 Flashcards
What is Distance Decay Effect?
“how interaction decreases with distance”
What is a Functional Region?
“an area based around a focal point called a node (like Sac Region)
What is the Geographic Information System (GIS) used for ?
“used for collecting data/ mapping data (satellites)
Define Human Geography
“understanding human activity ; study of the ways people use,adapt, and change the earth”
What are Latitude Lines?
” parallel lines that face horizontally just like the equator (also known as parallels)
What are Longitude Lines?
” parallel lines that face vertically just like the Prime Meridian ( also known as Meridians)
What is a Map Projection?
“Map projections show the round earth on a flat surface”
What is a perceptual Region?
“an area based on a person’s observations/ideas”
What is a Thematic Map?
“the theme of a specific purpose”
What is Time-Space Convergence?
“the idea that distance between various places is, in effect, compressing
What is Demography?
“data about population numbers” (age,gender,birth/death rates)
How do you calculate Arithmetic Density?
” divide the number of people by the number of square miles(most common way)
What is Carrying Capacity?
“the maximum population size an environment can sustain based on consumption by humans”( no set level)
What are Population Pyramids?
“population pyramids shows us the growth/decline rates in the past/present/or future”
What is a Crude Birth Rate?
“the number or births in a year per 1000 people?
What is a Life Expectancy?
” the average number of years a person will live”
Who was Thomas Malthus?
“he was a British demographer in the late 1700s where where he theorized that the population would grow, but food shortages would lead to war” (coined the term Overpopulation)
What is Emigration?
“movement out of a place”
What is Immigration?
“movement into a place”
What are PUSH factors?
“a negative reason that causes someone to LEAVE”
What is Acculturation?
“when people of one culture adopt SOME traits from another religion while still retaining their own culture”
What is Assimilation?
“when people of one culture adopt ALL traits from another religion, either voluntarily or forcefully”
What is a Cultural Hearth?
“the origin of where a civilization and culture began”
What is Cultural Imperialism?
“a form of influence on others via diffusion of pop. culture (The 3 American Ms)”
Define Culture
“a way of life for a group of people with shared interests/beliefs”
What is an Evangelical Religion?
“a religion where they expand their memberships by actively recruiting new members through missionary work”
What is the Indo-European Family?
“it makes up 50% of all spoken languages”
What is Sequent Occupance?
“multiple cultures the create a lasting imprint on a landscape over time”
What is Relocation Diffusion?
“the movement of ideas via migration of people”
What is Animism?
“smaller religions with less structure based on spiritual and even supernatural power (centered around the environment)
What is Buddhism?
“the oldest universalizing religion based on Buddha/ alternative to Hinduism/ goal; reach enlightenment or state of nirvana”
What is Christianity?
Belief in God, his son Jesus, and the Holy Spirit (originated in Jerusalem)
What is Creole?
” when a pidgin language evolves into the primary language of the people who speak it”
What is Cultural Extinction?
” when an entire culture gets eliminated due to war, assimilation, or mass killing”
What is Cultural Relativism?
” putting aside one’s cultural beliefs to better understand another”
What is a Denomination?
“a religious group that branches off from a core religion (includes some differences)
What is a Dialect?
“geographically distinct versions of a single language that vary somewhat from the parent form(Indo-European)”
What is Diaspora?
“typically refers to the forced movement of African or Jewish groups who migrated with their cultural traits”
