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AP Human Geography - A Collection > AP Human Geo - All Vocab Chapters 1 & 2 > Flashcards

AP Human Geo - All Vocab Chapters 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Physical Geography

A

the study of spatial characteristics of various elements of the physical environment

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2
Q

Human geography

A

the study of the spatial characteristics of humans and human activities

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3
Q

reference maps

A

designed for people to refer to for general information about places (Political maps, Physical maps, Road maps, Plat maps)

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4
Q

thematic maps

A

show spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon

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5
Q

choropleth map

A

A thematic map that uses various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribution of spatial data.

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6
Q

dot distribution map

A

A thematic map where dots are used to show the specific location and distribution of something across a map

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7
Q

graduated symbol map

A

A thematic map that uses symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something

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8
Q

isoline maps

A

Also called isometric maps, use lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in the data across space

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9
Q

topographic map

A

Points of equal elevation are connected on these maps, creating contours that depict surface features (most common type of isoline map)

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10
Q

cartogram

A

the sizes of countries (or states, counties, or another areal unit) are shown according to some specific statistic

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11
Q

cartographic scale

A

refers to the way the map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents (words, ratios, lines, or scales)

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12
Q

small-scale maps

A

show a larger amount of area with less detail

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13
Q

absolute location

A

the precise spot where something is according to a system

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14
Q

relative location

A

description of where something is in relation to other things

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15
Q

field observations

A

the act of physically visiting a location, place, or region and recording, firsthand, information there

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16
Q

remote sensing

A

gathers information from satellites that orbit the earth or other craft above the atmosphere

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17
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

GPS receivers on the earth’s surface use the locations of multiple satellites to determine and record a receiver’s exact location. Uses: locating borders precisely, navigating ships, aircraft, and cars, mapping lines (trails) or points (fire hydrants)

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18
Q

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

A

computer system that can store, analyze, and display information from multiple digital maps or geospatial data sets. Uses: (Analyzing of crime data, monitoring the effects of pollution, analyzing transportation.travel time, planning urban area)

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19
Q

Space

A

the area between two or more phenomena or things

20
Q

Location

A

identifies where specific phenomena are located either on a grid system or relative to another location

21
Q

Place

A

refers to the specific human and physical characteristics of a location

22
Q

Site

A

the characteristics at the immediate location

23
Q

Situation

A

the location of a place relative to its surroundings and its connectivity to other places

24
Q

Sense of Place

A

humans tend to perceive the characteristics of places in different ways based on their personal beliefs

25
Q

Toponyms

A

place names, provide insights into the physical geography, the history, or the culture of the location

26
Q

Time-Space Compression

A

the shrinking “time distance” between locations because of improved methods of transportation and communication

27
Q

Friction of Distance

A

indicates that when things are farther apart, they tend to be less well connected

28
Q

Distance Decay

A

the inverse relationship between distance and connection, ex: weakening of a radio signal as it travels across space away form a radio tower

29
Q

Pattern

A

the general arrangement of things being studied, and geography must be able to describe patterns accurately and with precision

30
Q

Human-environmental Interaction

A

the connection and exchange between humans and the natural world

31
Q

Sustainability

A

an overarching theme of human geography and relates to trying to use resources now in ways that allow their use in the future while minimizing negative impacts on the environment

32
Q

Land Use

A

the study of how land is utilized, modified, and organized by people

33
Q

Built Environment

A

the physical artifacts that humans have created and that form part of the landscape

34
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

the study of how humans adapt to the environment

35
Q

Environmental Determinism

A

the belief that landforms and climate are the most powerful forces shaping human behavior and societal development while ignoring the influence of culture

36
Q

Possibilism

A

a view that acknowledges limits on the effects of the natural environment and focuses more on the role that human culture plays

37
Q

Global Scale

A

Area shown is the entire world, Ex: global Earth at night image, world population density map

38
Q

World Scale

A

multiple countries of the world

39
Q

National Scale

A

the whole country

40
Q

Regional Scale

A

interactions occurring within a region

41
Q

Local Scale

A

a province, state, city, county, or neighborhood

42
Q

Region

A

have boundaries, unifying characteristics, cover space, and are created by people

43
Q

Formal Region

A

untied by one or more traits: political, physical, cultural, economic

44
Q

Functional Region

A

regions are organized around a focal point and are defined by an activity, usually political, social, or economic, that occurs across the region

45
Q

Perceptual/Vernacular Region

A

defined by the informal sense of place that people ascribe to them

AP Human Geography - A Collection (1 decks)

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