AP Human Geo

Question 1

Political Geography

Answer 1

The study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power that different groups have.

Question 2

State

Answer 2

A politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, and a permanent population.

Question 3

Sovereignty

Answer 3

The right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders.

Question 4

Nations

Answer 4

Cultural entities, meaning that they are made up of individuals who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, ethnicity, or heritage.

Question 5

Nation-state

Answer 5

When the territory occupied by a group who view themselves as a nation has politically recognized boundaries of the state they call their own.

Question 6

Multistate nation

Answer 6

Consists of people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country.

Question 7

Irredentism

Answer 7

Attempting to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation.

Question 8

Multinational state

Answer 8

A country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders.

Question 9

Autonomous/Semiautomomous

Answer 9

When countries contain regions that are given some authority to govern their own territories independently from the national government.

Question 10

Stateless nation

Answer 10

A people united by culture, language, history, and tradition but not possessing a state.

Question 11

Territoriality

Answer 11

The attempt by an individual or group to affect, influence, or control people, phenomena, and relationships by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area.

Question 12

Colonialism

Answer 12

Describes the practice of claiming and dominating overseas territories.

Question 13

Neocolonialism

Answer 13

Endures the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies.

Question 14

Choke point

Answer 14

A narrow, strategic passageway to another place through which it is difficult to pass.

Question 15

Shatterbelts

Answer 15

States form, join, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflicts among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states.

Question 16

Self-determination

Answer 16

The right of all people to choose their own political status.

Question 17

Imperialism

Answer 17

The push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or people’s.

Question 18

Devolution

Answer 18

Occurs when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders.

Question 19

Defining

Answer 19

When countries explicitly state in legally binding documentation such as a treaty where their borders are located, using reference points such as natural features or lines of latitude and longitude.

Question 20

Delimit

Answer 20

When countries draw their boundaries on a map in accordance with a legal agreement, as the U.S. did in its 1848 treaty with Mexico.

Question 21

Demarcated

Answer 21

Physical markers or barriers on boundaries like stones, pillars, walls, or fences.

Question 22

Administer

Answer 22

To manage the way the borders are maintained and how goods and people will cross them.

Question 23

Antecedent boundaries

Answer 23

Boundaries that are established before many people settle into an area.

Question 24

Subsequent boundaries

Answer 24

Drawn in areas that have been settled by people and where cultural landscapes already exist or are in the process of being established.

Question 25

Consequent boundaries

Answer 25

A type of subsequent boundary:
A boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct languages, religions, ethnicities, or other traits.

Question 26

Superimposed

Answer 26

When boundaries are drawn over existing accepted borders, by an outside or conquering force.

Question 27

Geometric boundaries

Answer 27

Boundaries that are mathematical, and typically follow lines of latitude and longitude, or are straight line arcs between 2 points, instead of following physical and cultural features.

Question 28

relics

Answer 28

Former boundaries that once existed but no longer have an official function.

Question 29

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Answer 29

This established the structure of maritime boundaries, stating that a country’s territorial seas extend 12 nautical miles off its coast.

Question 30

Exclusive economic zone

Answer 30

A zone that extends 200 nautical miles from its coast.

Question 31

Foreign aid

Answer 31

Money, often times for a lot of basic needs.

Question 32

Diplomacy

Answer 32

Peaceful negotiation to solve problems.

Question 33

Military Force

Answer 33

When diplomacy fails, force is used to achieve goals.

Question 34

Microstate

Answer 34

A very small state like Singapore.

Question 35

Territorial integrity

Answer 35

The right of a state to defend sovereign territories against incursion from other states.

Question 36

Empires are not states

Answer 36

This is because territory is not clearly defined, boundaries were not set or recognized, and they included a large amount of ethnic and cultural groups.

Question 37

Peace of Westphalia

Answer 37

This marks the beginning of the modern state system, 1648, treaty between princes of the states making up the Holy Roman Empire.