AP Gov Required Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
United States v. Lopez (1995)
Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Established supremacy of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws over state laws
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Public school students have the right to wear black armbands in school to protest the Vietnam War
Schenck v. United States (1919)
Speech creating a “clear and present danger” is not protected by the First Amendment
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent
McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
Race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause
Citizens United v. FEC (Federal Election Commission) (2010)
Political spending by corporations, associations, and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the First Amendment
Baker v. Carr (1961)
Opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the “one person, one vote” doctrine by ruling that challenges to redistricting did not raise “political questions” that would keep federal courts from reviewing such challenges
Shaw v. Reno (1993)
Legislative redistricting must be conscious of race and ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Established the principle of judicial review empowering the Supreme Court to nullify an act of the legislative or executive branch that violates the Constitution
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
Compelling Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade violates the free exercise clause
New York Times v. United States (1971)
Bolstered the freedom of the press, establishing a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even in cases involving national security
