AP Gov ch.12 flashcards-Eddy Ramirez

Question 1

501 (C) group

Answer 1

Nonprofit, tax-exempt groups organized under section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code that can engage in varying amounts of political activity, depending on the type of group.

Question 2

527 political committees

Answer 2

A 527-organization or 527 group is a type of U.S. tax-exempt organization organized under Section 527 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code

Question 3

Barack Obama

Answer 3

Barack Hussein Obama II is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017.

Question 4

Bernie Saunders

Answer 4

Bernard Sanders is an American politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Vermont since 2007

Question 5

BCRA

Answer 5

The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 is a United States federal law that amended the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974, which regulates the financing of political campaigns. Its chief sponsors were Senators Russ Feingold and John McCain.

Question 6

campaign consultant

Answer 6

Political consultants sometimes act as political strategists, a senior political consultant who promote the election of certain candidates or the interests of certain groups.

Question 7

campaign manager

Answer 7

A campaign manager or campaign director is a paid or volunteer individual whose role is to coordinate a political campaign’s operations such as fundraising,

Question 8

citizens united v fec

Answer 8

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310, is a landmark U.S. constitutional law, campaign finance, and corporate law case dealing with regulation of political campaign spending by organizations.

Question 9

closed primary

Answer 9

A type of direct primary limited to registered party members, who must declare their party affiliation in order to vote.

Question 10

communications director

Answer 10

Director of communications is a position in both the private and public sectors. A director of communications is responsible for managing and directing an organization’s internal and external communications.

Question 11

Contrast ad

Answer 11

Advertising on behalf of a candidate that attacks the opponent’s platform or character. Term. Contrast Ad.

Question 12

conventional political participation

Answer 12

Conventional political participation includes voting, volunteering for a political campaign, making a campaign donation, belonging to activist groups, and serving in public office. Unconventional participation:

Question 13

crossover voting

Answer 13

In primary elections in the United States, crossover voting refers to a behavior in which voters cast ballots for a party with which they are not traditionally affiliated.

Question 14

Donald J. Trump

Answer 14

Donald John Trump is the 45th and current President of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality

Question 15

elector

Answer 15

a person who has the right to vote in an election.

Question 16

electorate

Answer 16

all the people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election.

Question 17

Electorate College

Answer 17

The Electoral College consists of 538 electors. A majority of 270 electoral votes is required to elect the President. Your state’s entitled allotment of electors equals the number of members in its Congressional delegation: one for each member in the House of Representatives plus two for your Senators.

Question 18

FECA

Answer 18

The Federal Employees’ Compensation Act, is a United States federal law, enacted on September 7, 1916. Sponsored by Sen. John W. Kern of Indiana and Rep. Daniel J. McGillicuddy of Maine, it established compensation to federal civil service employees for wages lost due to job-related injuries.

Question 19

FEC

Answer 19

The Federal Election Commission is an independent regulatory agency whose purpose is to enforce campaign finance law in United States federal elections.

Question 20

finance chair

Answer 20

The finance committee chair is most often the board treasurer, whose specific duties are usually described in the organization’s by laws.

Question 21

front-loading

Answer 21

distribute or allocate (costs, effort, etc.) unevenly, with the greater proportion at the beginning of the enterprise or process.

Question 22

general election

Answer 22

a regular election of candidates for office, as opposed to a primary election.

Question 23

get-out-the-vote

Answer 23

“Get out the vote” describes efforts aimed at increasing the voter turnout in elections. In countries that do not have or enforce compulsory voting, voter turnout can be low, sometimes even below a third of the eligible voter pool.

Question 24

HAVA

Answer 24

The Help America Vote Act of 2002, or HAVA, is a United States federal law which passed in the House 357-48 and 92-2 in the Senate and was signed into law by President Bush on October 29, 2002.

Question 25

Hillary R. Clinton

Answer 25

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician, diplomat, lawyer, writer, and public speaker.

Question 26

incumbency

Answer 26

the holding of an office or the period during which one is held.

Question 27

independent expenditures

Answer 27

An independent expenditure, in elections in the United States, is a political campaign communication that expressly advocates for the election

Question 28

initiative

Answer 28

In political science, an initiative is a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote, in parliament or via a referendum, the latter then being dubbed a Popular initiated Referendum.

Question 29

inoculation ad

Answer 29

A preemptive advertising tactic in which one party attempts to foresee and neutralize potentially damaging criticism from another party by being the first to confront troublesome issue

Question 30

mandate

Answer 30

an official order or commission to do something.

Question 31

matching funds

Answer 31

funds that are set to be paid in equal amount to funds available from other sources.

Question 32

McCutcheon v FEC

Answer 32

McCutcheon v. Federal Election Commission, 572 U.S. 185, is a landmark campaign finance decision of the United States Supreme Court.

Question 33

mid term election

Answer 33

The general election will decide who controls the Senate and House. In the Senate midterm elections, Democrats hope to win at least two new seats to regain control of the chamber, but their margin for error is slim. A majority of the seats up for election in 2018 are currently held by Democrats.

Question 34

Negative ad

Answer 34

In political campaigns, an attack ad is an advertisement whose message is designed to wage a personal attack against an opposing candidate or political party in order to gain support for the attacking candidate and attract voters.

Question 35

open primary

Answer 35

a primary election in which voters are not required to declare party affiliation.

Question 36

political action committee

Answer 36

(in the US) an organization that raises money privately to influence elections or legislation, especially at the federal level.

Question 37

Pollster

Answer 37

a person who conducts or analyzes opinion polls.

Question 38

Positive ad

Answer 38

Out of the many advertising techniques that are currently in use, there are two in particular that stand out – positive and negative advertising

Question 39

presidential coattails

Answer 39

The tendency for a popular political party leader to attract votes for other candidates of the same party in an election. For example, the party of a victorious presidential candidate will often win many seats in Congress as well; these congressmen are voted into office “on the coattails” of the president.

Question 40

press secretary

Answer 40

The White House Press Secretary is a senior White House official whose primary responsibility is to act as spokesperson for the executive branch of the United States government administration, especially with regard to the President, senior executives, and policies.

Question 41

primary election

Answer 41

A primary election is the process by which voters, either the general public (open primary) or members of a political party (closed primary), can indicate their preference for a candidate in an upcoming general election or by-election, thus narrowing the field of candidates.

Question 42

prospective judgement

Answer 42

retrospective judgement. a voter’s evaluation of the performance of the party in power. prospective judgement. a voter’s evaluation of a candidate based on what he or she pledges to do about an issue if elected. electorate.

Question 43

public funds

Answer 43

Public fund refers to the funds of every political division of a state wherein taxes are levied for public purposes. The term public fund also covers: 1. the revenue or money of a government, state, or municipal corporation

Question 44

reapportionment

Answer 44

Apportionment is the process by which seats in a legislative body are distributed among administrative divisions entitled to representation.

Question 45

recall

Answer 45

officially order (someone) to return to a place.

Question 46

referendum

Answer 46

a general vote by the electorate on a single political question which has been referred to them for a direct decision.

Question 47

retrospective judgement

Answer 47

retrospective judgement. a voter’s evaluation of the performance of the party in power. prospective judgement. a voter’s evaluation of a candidate based on what he or she pledges to do about an issue if elected. electorate.

Question 48

runoff primary

Answer 48

a second primary election held in some states to decide which of the two highest candidates for an office in the first primary will be awarded the party nomination.

Question 49

super pac

Answer 49

a type of independent political action committee which may raise unlimited sums of money from corporations, unions, and individuals but is not permitted to contribute to or coordinate directly with parties or candidates.

Question 50

turnout

Answer 50

the number of people attending or taking part in an event, especially the number of people voting in an election.

Question 51

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 51

Thomas Jefferson was an American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Previously, he had been elected the second Vice President of the United States, serving under John Adams from 1797 to 1801.

Question 52

unconventional political participation

Answer 52

to make the subject of discussion or debate.

Question 53

voter canvas

Answer 53

to examine in detail specifically : to examine (votes) officially for authenticit