Ap excretor Flashcards

1
Q

RRS (rx renal simplu)

A

arii renale - localizare, forma, contur, dimensiuni
calculi radioopaci
calcificari
reper: ms psoas

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2
Q

UIV (orografie iv)

A
3 achizitii
RRS
la 5 min post inj sc --> dfct renala
la 15 min post inj sc --> morfo renala
\+/- imagini tardive
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3
Q

UIV 5’

A

nefrograma & pielograma = fct secretorie

prez sc in uretere (segm) si in VU = fct evacuatorie

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4
Q

nefrograma

A

opacifierea de mica intensitate a parenchimului renal

apare imediat dupa inj sc si persista pe toata durata examinarii

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5
Q

pielograma

A

opacifierea de mare intensitate a cailor urinare intrarenale
persista 1-2h
! hiperhidratare, deficit de concentrare a urinei

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6
Q

UIV 15’ - arii renale

A

viz datorita nefrogramei
L 10-13 cm, l 5-7 cm
d lungime <1,5 cm

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7
Q

UIV 15’ - calice minore & majore, pelvis renal

A

forma de cupa, inel, racheta de tenis in fct de incidenta fasciculului de Rx
calice renale majore provin din unirea celor minore (3)
unire calice majore -> bazinet - forma de palnie cu varful medial si inf -> jonct pieloureterala -> ureter

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8
Q

UIV 15’ - ureterul

A

coloane discontinue
calibru 4-8 mm
coboara vertical, apoi se curbeaza spre medial
abordeaza oblic baza VU

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9
Q

UIV 15’ - parenchim renal

A
indirect - mas grosimii = dist de la linia Hodson la conturul renal
linia Hodson (|| conturul renal) la niv fornixurilor caliceala
poli 2,5-3 mm, medie 2-2,5 mm
indice parenchimatos = suma grosimii parencim la cei 2 poli/L tot a R V-0,5
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10
Q

Ureteropielografia

A

retrograda - inj sc in VU prin cateterizare
directa - percutan direct in sist colector renal
–> info morfo asupra cailor urinare

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11
Q

Ureteropielografie - indic

A

UIV contraindicata
UIV neconcludenta
rinichi afunctional

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12
Q

Arteriografia renala

A

globala - inj sc in Ao sup de emergenta a ren
selectiva - inj sc in a ren
supraselectiva - inj sc intr-o r a a ren
Indic - eval HTA reno-vasculare, ghidare manevre Rx interventional

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13
Q

US renala

A

info morfologice, NIMIC despre functie
NU depinde de fct renala
ieftina, neiradianta, neinvaziva, repetitiva, la patul bolnavului
DAR operator-dependenta

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14
Q

US renala - tehnica

A

pacient a jeun (6h), VU plina
decubit dorsal
transductor in HC si flanc
sectiuni long si transversale

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15
Q

US renala - anatomie

A

forma - elipsoida (long)/ovala, rot (transv)
dimens - L 10 cm, d L <2 cm, gros parenchim 15 mm mediorenal
contur - neted, arcuat
structura - parenchim periferic hipoecogen (fata de ficat), medulara - piramide mai hipoecogene decat corticala, sinus renal hiperecogen
caile urinare si ggl limfatici perirenali nu se obs in mon N
vasc - Doppler

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16
Q

CT pentru evaluarea rinichilor - tehnica

A

pacient hidratat po, sc digestiva
CT nativ
inj sc –> achizitii la 25 sec = faza CORTICOMEDULARA (arteriala)
la 100 sec = faza NEFROGRAFICA (parenchimatoasa)
la >5’ = faza EXCRETORIE

17
Q

CT renal - anatomie

A

nativ - mase ovalare cu densitate de tes parenchimatos, paravertebral, contur neted cu hipodensitate central = sinus
corticomedular - corticala iodofila (hiperdensa fata de medulara), angiografia CT
nefrografic - parenchim uniform
excretorie - viz cailor urinare, reconstructii
!bine dif - inconjurati de tes adipos

18
Q

CT renal - indic

A

de electie pentru evaluarea maselor renale, stad tumori, traumatisme, patologie vasculara, infectioasa, malformatii

19
Q

rinichi - opacitati focale calcare

A

litiaza renala
nefrocalcinoza
calcificari focale
! pe RRS

20
Q

rinichi - litiaza renala

A

RRS - calculi radioopaci
UIV - calculi radiotransparenti - lacune in contrast + consecinte
US - nuclee hiperecogene cu umbra acustica + imag transsonice tub ale CU dilat
CT - imagini spontan hiperecogene

21
Q

rinichi - nefrocalcinoza

A

RRS, US, CT - calcificari multiple focale/nodulare intraparenchimatoase