AP Euro Unit 6 Test Flashcards
Throughout the winter and spring of 1789, the high prices for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ produced many riots. bread wine cotton cheese
bread
The Organic Articles of 1802 established ________.
- -the church’s rights to confiscated property
- -the supremacy of church over state
- -that the church would pay the salaries of the clergy
- -the supremacy of state over church
the supremacy of state over church
During which part of the French Revolution does the “Law on Suspects” originate?
- -the period immediately following the “Storming of the Bastille”
- -directly after Louis XVI’s “flight to Varennes”
- -the “Reign of Terror”
- -the “Thermidorian Reaction”
the “Reign of Terror”
When Napoleon invaded Russia, ________.
- -the Russian forces stood their ground and fought bravely
- -the Russian forces retreated, destroying food and supplies as they went
- -guerrilla warriors sniped at the forces and cut supply lines
- -he successfully defeated the Russian army
the Russian forces retreated, destroying food and supplies as they went
For support in creating the “Republic of Virtue,” Robespierre depended on the
- -provinces or “departments.”
- -sans culottes.
- -The Catholic Church
- -Members of the nobility
sans culottes.
The Battle of Trafalgar _________.
- -led to a short-lived peace
- -ended any possibility of France invading England
- -took Prussia out of the war
- -took Russia out of the war
ended any possibility of France invading England
How did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy change the legal position of the Roman Catholic Church?
- -It increased the status of the church.
- -It restricted religious freedom for all the faithful.
- -It made the church into a branch of the secular state.
- -It directed the Roman Catholic Church to supervise hospitals and schools in France.
It made the church into a branch of the secular state.
The Hundred Days refers to the ________.
- -amount of time it took to complete the Vienna Conference
- -time that Napoleon spent invading Russia
- -time between the signing of the Treaty of Chaumont and the convening of the Congress of Vienna
- -period of Napoleon’s return from Elba before his exile to Saint Helena
period of Napoleon’s return from Elba before his exile to Saint Helena
—Donald Kagan, The Western Heritage
The passage foreshadows what subsequent event during the French Revolution?
–the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
–adoption of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
–trial and execution of King Louis XVI
–Napoleon Bonaparte’s coup d’état
trial and execution of King Louis XVI
—Donald Kagan, The Western Heritage
Assuming the passage describes a “turning point” in the French Revolution, what statement best describes the next stage?
A radical phase was about to begin, one that would seek to overturn all existing institutions and remake France completely.
A socialist revolution was about to begin, with working class radicals seizing power and redistributing wealth.
A counterrevolution led by conservative nobles and foreigners was about to begin.
France was ready for a “strong man” such as Napoleon, to step forward.
A radical phase was about to begin, one that would seek to overturn all existing institutions and remake France completely.
Which body carried out the policies in the Reign of Terror?
the Committee of Public Safety
the Estates General
the Convention
the Legislative Assembly
the Committee of Public Safety
Jacques Necker, Finance Minister and Louis XVI of France
What institutional circumstance in eighteenth century France produced the circumstance portrayed in the cartoon?
The large number of people still classified as serfs.
Exemptions of both clergy and nobles from taxation.
Absolute monarchy had deprived nobles of social and political influence
The French economy produced little in export quality goods.
Exemptions of both clergy and nobles from taxation.
The term sans-culottes was used in revolutionary France to refer to ________.
children
the lower middle-class
the professional classes
the lower clergy
the lower middle-class
—Maximilien Robespierre, Speech to the National Convention: The Terror Justified
Which action was taken in earnest pursuit of the political values of the “republic of virtue”?
banning revolutionary women’s clubs
the summary execution of many peasants
the campaign of de-Christianization
the law of 22 Prairial, which allowed convictions without hearings
the campaign of de-Christianization
“To Versailles, to Versailles”
What motivated women to march to Versailles in October, 1789?
They were demanding equality for women under the new French constitution.
Bread remained scarce and prices high during the summer and fall of 1789.
Troops were massing at Versailles as Louis XVI prepared to use force against the revolution.
Louis XVI has issued an explicit order requiring confiscation of all weapons in Paris, prompting women to march in protest.
Bread remained scarce and prices high during the summer and fall of 1789.
—Donald Kagan, The Western Heritage
What was the most plausible explanation for Louis’ actions on June 20, 1791?
Louis had planned an escape from France years before, as the revolution was a long anticipated event.
Louis had been invited by a personal friend, Edmund Burke, to visit England.
Louis hoped to rally foreign support against the revolution in his wife’s native Austria and elsewhere.
Louis sought to convene a session of the International Court at The Hague in order to bolster his legitimacy.
Louis hoped to rally foreign support against the revolution in his wife’s native Austria and elsewhere.
In Spain, Napoleon faced________.
well-organized military forces
a powerful navy
harsh winter conditions
guerrilla warfare
guerrilla warfare
The Tennis Court Oath refers to an oath taken by the ________.
monarchy of Louis XVI to bring France’s people together as one
National Assembly to give France a constitution
sans-culottes, pushing the revolution in a more radical direction
monarchy of Louis XVI to squelch any hint of possible rebellion with the utmost severity
National Assembly to give France a constitution
—Immanuel Joseph Sieyes, What Is the Third Estate?, 1789
Which statement best describes the “Third Estate” referred to in the passage?
the non-noble, non-clerical, section of the French population
the poor, working-class sans culottes of French cities, especially Paris
the lesser nobility or “hobereaux” who clung most tenaciously to feudal traditions
the “nobles of the robe” who monopolized bureaucratic positions in French government
the non-noble, non-clerical, section of the French population
—Decrees of August 4, 1789
What was meant in the passage by “the feudal regime”?
the continued practice of warfare between mounted knights and related chivalry and “courtly love”
the organization of French society into three distinct classes with special rights and privileges for the first two classes
the system of agriculture in which land was divided evenly between peasant laborers and the three field system was in place
the monopolizing of all land into the hands of an aristocratic elite with the remainder of the population reduced to serfdom and manual labor
the organization of French society into three distinct classes with special rights and privileges for the first two classes
“New ways to revive France” - but the total is “Deficit.”
What was the chief consequence of the situation portrayed in the cartoon?
Louis XVI was forced to convene a meeting of the Estates General.
Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in a coup d’etat.
A revolutionary tribunal ordered the execution of the royal family.
The French franc collapsed and an urban revolt, the Commune, arose.
Louis XVI was forced to convene a meeting of the Estates General.
The Second Estate of the Estates General was made up of the ________.
clergy
bourgeoisie
artisans
nobility
nobility
“To Versailles, to Versailles”
This event, the Women’s March to Versailles in October, 1789, illustrates that
women of all classes were involved in revolutionary activity.
women were responsible for the execution of Louis XVI and his family.
Versailles was seen as a symbol of the oppression and isolation of the king from the people.
all classes of French men and women were enlisted in the ranks of the army during the wars associated with the revolution.
Versailles was seen as a symbol of the oppression and isolation of the king from the people.
Jacques Louis-David, Oath of the Tennis Court, 1790
Following the Oath of the Tennis Court, which group had the power to change the laws of France?
The Monarchy
The National Assembly
The Courts
The Church
The Monarchy
How did the revolutionary tribunals during the Reign of Terror deal with Girondist politicians who had been prominent in the Legislative Assembly?
The tribunal commended their dedication to the country and issued grants of land and property.
The tribunal executed many Girondists.
The tribunal tried the Girondists, but most were acquitted.
They exiles them from France
The tribunal executed many Girondists.
The Jacobins, like those who carried out the September Massacres, were motivated by ________.
fear of counterrevolution
fear of the Catholic Church
the white terror
bread riots
fear of counterrevolution
—Immanuel Joseph Sieyes, What Is the Third Estate?, 1789
The Storming of the Bastille (1789), the Women’s March to Versailles (1789) and the September Massacres (1792) all reflect the sentiments expressed in the passage because each event was
a spontaneous rising of members of the Third Estate to vent frustrations over their lack of influence.
coordinated by middle class members of the Third Estate in order to advance their own agendas.
a consequence of the actions of secret, organized revolutionary “cells” that secretly plotted to undermine established order.
a violent reaction to real or perceived inequities in French society.
a violent reaction to real or perceived inequities in French society.
—Olympe de Gouge, Declaration of the Rights of Women, September, 1791
What Enlightenment development outside of revolutionary France paralleled de Gouge’s assertion of women’s equality?
In England, Mary Wollstonecraft made a similar assertion of women’s rights.
In the Italian states liberated by Napoleon, full equality in civil rights was granted.
In Austria, the execution of Marie Antoinette so shocked the nobility that women’s suffrage was extended.
In Prussia, the Junkers granted suffrage to noble women of their class.
In England, Mary Wollstonecraft made a similar assertion of women’s rights.
—The Law on Suspects, 1794
What factor contributed to the decision to enact the “Law on Suspects”?
France was at war and feared both internal and external enemies.
Most Frenchmen were opposed to “liberty, equality and fraternity.”
The revolution had made a compromise with the Catholic Church that angered radicals.
Rural peasants were moving to Paris to take advantage of government-sponsored jobs.
France was at war and feared both internal and external enemies.
Many victims of the Reign of Terror were subject to this “humane” form of execution. What was it?
hanging
guillotine
starvation
poisoning
guillotine
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was proclaimed by ________.
the First Estate
the Directory
the National Assembly
Louis XVI
the National Assembly
“To Versailles, to Versailles”
The Women’s March to Versailles was significant in the course of the French Revolution because it
resulted in the passage of a women’s suffrage bill.
resulted directly in the death of the King and the royal family.
placed the King and royal family within the reach of Parisian mobs.
caused the members of the National Constituent Assembly to drop the categorization of citizens into “active” and “passive.”
placed the King and royal family within the reach of Parisian mobs.
Jacques Louis-David, Oath of the Tennis Court, 1790
Additional paintings done by the same artist between 1790 and 1805 would most likely represent
both positive and negative aspects of the revolutionary struggles.
further celebrations of successes and martyrs during the Revolution.
a reverence for the past and a longing for a return to pre-revolutionary tranquility.
demands for stronger action and violence to overturn monarchial repression.
further celebrations of successes and martyrs during the Revolution.
“New ways to revive France” - but the total is “Deficit.”
In what context was this 1780s cartoon created?
an “enlightened” approach to government finance
a proposal to present to the “national assembly” after the Oath of the Tennis Court
as an alternative to the confiscation of Church property
as a means of increasing revenue without taxation
as a means of increasing revenue without taxation
—Olympe de Gouge, Declaration of the Rights of Women, September, 1791
What events provided context for this assertion of women’s rights in France?
The “Reign of Terror” had destroyed all semblance of traditional order in France.
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen gave radicals like de Gouge an opening to state their position.
The loosening of the traditions of the “Old Regime” by Louis XVI’s symbolic donning of the revolutionary “tricolor” created anarchy.
Robespierre’s “Cult of the Supreme Being” undermined traditional gender roles, leading to the radicalization of such as de Gouge.
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen gave radicals like de Gouge an opening to state their position.
Jacques Louis-David, Oath of the Tennis Court, 1790
What impression was the artist trying to create in this portrayal of an early event in the French Revolution?
Heroic and nationalistic action was being fulfilled.
The actions being taken defied the natural course of events and thus threatened divine retribution.
Peasant masses were the most influential component of the Revolution in France.
Only a violent revolution could affect permanent change in eighteenth century France.
Heroic and nationalistic action was being fulfilled.
—Decrees of August 4, 1789
What was one specific legislative action that was taken shortly after the August Decrees to implement the stated goals?
passage of a bill to grant women’s suffrage
adoption of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
revocation of the Edict of Nantes
adoption of the “enclosure” movement to reform agriculture.
adoption of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
