ap biology MEGA REVIEW units 1-8

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

True or False: All organisms are made up of one or more cells.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

What organelle is responsible for energy production?

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Which macromolecule serves as the primary energy source for cells?

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 6

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of lipid? A) Phospholipid B) Steroid C) Glucose D) Triglyceride

Answer 7

C) Glucose

Question 8

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Answer 8

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Question 9

True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Fill in the blank: __________ are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 10

Amino acids

Question 11

What is homeostasis?

Answer 11

The maintenance of a stable internal environment

Question 12

Which process do cells use to convert glucose into ATP?

Answer 12

Cellular respiration

Question 13

Multiple Choice: What is the primary structure of DNA? A) Single-stranded B) Double-helix C) Triple-helix D) Circular

Answer 13

B) Double-helix

Question 14

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

Answer 14

Hydrogen bonds

Question 15

True or False: Enzymes are biological catalysts.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 16

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids

Question 17

Fill in the blank: __________ are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes for digestion.

Answer 17

Lysosomes

Question 18

What is the primary function of chloroplasts?

Answer 18

Photosynthesis

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of life? A) Growth B) Reproduction C) Response to stimuli D) All of the above

Answer 19

D) All of the above

Question 20

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 20

Synthesizes proteins and lipids

Question 21

True or False: All cells have a cell wall.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a semi-permeable barrier that surrounds all cells.

Answer 22

cell membrane

Question 23

What is the role of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 23

Provides structural support and shape to the cell

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of proteins? A) Energy storage B) Catalyzing reactions C) Structural support D) All of the above

Answer 24

D) All of the above

Question 25

What is the primary component of the cell membrane?

Answer 25

Phospholipids

Question 26

True or False: DNA is made up of nucleotides.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Fill in the blank: __________ are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.

Answer 27

Ribosomes

Question 28

What is ATP?

Answer 28

Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell

Question 29

Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for packaging and transporting proteins? A) Ribosome B) Nucleus C) Golgi apparatus D) Lysosome

Answer 29

C) Golgi apparatus

Question 30

What is osmosis?

Answer 30

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 31

True or False: Viruses are considered living organisms.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Fill in the blank: __________ are the cells responsible for the immune response.

Answer 32

White blood cells

Question 33

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 33

To protect the cell and regulate the movement of substances in and out

Question 34

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells? A) No nucleus B) Circular DNA C) Membrane-bound organelles D) Unicellular

Answer 34

C) Membrane-bound organelles

Question 35

What is the role of the nucleolus?

Answer 35

Produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 36

True or False: Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the jelly-like substance inside the cell.

Answer 37

cytoplasm

Question 38

What is the process by which cells divide?

Answer 38

Cell division

Question 39

Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is involved in the synthesis of lipids? A) Rough ER B) Smooth ER C) Ribosomes D) Golgi apparatus

Answer 39

B) Smooth ER

Question 40

What is the primary role of the plasma membrane?

Answer 40

To maintain homeostasis

Question 41

True or False: All cells have a nucleus.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

Fill in the blank: __________ are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes.

Answer 42

Organelles

Question 43

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 43

A cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Question 44

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of macromolecule? A) Carbohydrates B) Proteins C) Nucleic acids D) Minerals

Answer 44

D) Minerals